TABLE 1.
Immunodeficient mouse strains for human immune system engraftment
| Mouse model | Strain/Characteristics | Life span | T | B | NK | DC | MQ | Com. | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nude | Spontaneous mutation of Foxn1 causing lack of thymic tissue | >18 mo | − | + | + | + | + | + | 117 |
| scid |
CB17‐Prkdcscid −/− Defect in DNA protein kinase, no functional rearrangement of antigen‐specific receptors |
<12 mo | − | − | + | + | + | + | 118 |
| NOD‐scid |
NOD.CB17‐Prkdc scid−/− Expression of the scid mutation on the NOD strain background |
<10 mo | − | − | FI | FI | FI | − | 119, 120, 121 |
| NSG |
NOD. Cg‐Prkdcscid IL2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ NOD‐scid combined with IL2rg−/− |
>18 mo | − | − | − | FI | FI | − | 11, 122 |
| NOG |
NOD cg‐PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Sug Similar to NSG, with truncated IL2rg (enables binding but not signaling of cytokines) |
>18 mo | − | − | − | FI | FI | − | 39, 123 |
| NRG |
NOD. Cg‐ Rag1tm1Mom IL2rgtm1Wjl NOD, RAG1−/− and IL2rg−/− combined |
ND | − | − | − | FI | FI | − | 12, 15, 20 |
| BRG |
BALB/c Rag2null IL‐2Rgcnull interbreeding of NOG and BALB/c‐Rag2null |
ND | − | − | − | FI | FI | − | 14, 124 |
| BRGS |
BALB/c Rag2null IL‐2Rgcnull NOD.sirpa BRG mice with integration of the NOD/Lt Sirpa polymorphism |
ND | − | − | − | FI | FI | − | 125, 126 |
Abbreviations: Com., complement; DC, dentritic cell; FI, function impaired; Foxn1, forkhead box protein; IL2Rgc, interleukin‐2 receptor γ‐chain; MQ, macrophage; ND, not determine; NK, natural killer; NOD, non‐obese diabetic; NSG, NOD‐scid combination; Prkdc, protein kinase DNA activated, catalytic polypeptide; Rag, recombination activating gene; scid, severe combined immunodeficiency; SIRPa, signal regulatory protein a.