Figure 4.

Immunomodulatory function of resistin. Resistin is involved in the host anti-infection immune process by interacting with a variety of immune cell types in humans. It can directly or indirectly promote the adhesion, infiltration, and migration of human monocytes, neutrophils, and CD4⁺ T cells. Likewise, resistin can activate monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils, promote pro-inflammatory cytokines production, and reinforce IFNL3 expression. Moreover, it can also enhance extracellular bacterial killing, namely promote the formation of NETs. However, in certain diseases or contexts, resistin impedes human neutrophils’ function by inhibiting neutrophils migration and ROS production. It also inhibits antigen uptake, endocytosis, and cytokine production of human DCs, induces expansion of Tregs, and suppresses the proliferation and differentiation of CD4⁺ T cells into Th1 cells by regulating DCs.