Table 3.
Outcomes Before and After IPL+LLL Treatment (n=62)
| Variables | Before IPL+LLL* | 2–3 Weeks After IPL+LLL* | P value | 6 Months After IPL+LLL* | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OSDI score | 45.02±21.17 | 22.35±17.68 | <0.001 | 8.24±9.91 | <0.001 |
| Corneal fluorescein staining | 51.6 | 54.84 | <0.001 | 45.2 | 0.293 |
| NIBUT, sec | 10.18±4.55 | 9.73±3.30 | 0.751 | 9.85±2.41 | 0.792 |
| Blink rate, % | 88.77±22.94 | 98.55±4.42 | 0.004 | 63.22±17.04 | <0.001 |
| Lipid layer thickness, nm | 47.42±23.64 | 66.37±30.29 | <0.001 | 73.93±27.03 | <0.001 |
| Loss area of the MG, % | 10.87±15.77 | 9.11±12.37 | 0.722 | 16.71±16.77 | 0.044 |
| Tear meniscus height, mm | 0.33±0.15 | 0.28±0.16 | 0.001 | 0.33±0.26 | 0.891 |
| Tear osmolarity, mOsm/L | 298.08±11.25 | 306.74±11.81 | <0.001 | 315.49±16.86 | <0.001 |
| Schirmer, mm | 9.63±5.50 | 11.26±6.83 | 0.014 | 11.36±5.60 | 0.008 |
Notes: *values represent “mean±SD”, excepting corneal staining that was represented as percentage. Bold text represents a statistically significant p-value.
Abbreviations: IPL, intense pulsed light; LLL, low level light; OSDI, ocular surface disease index; NIBUT, non-invasive break up time; MG, meibomian glands; SD, standard deviation.