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. 2021 Jul 2;47:149. doi: 10.1186/s13052-021-01100-w

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Bowel morphology at baseline. A Ileocolonoscopy: ulcerated and ileocecal valve stricture with impossibility to pass through with the scope (Paris classification A1b, L1, B2, G0; SES-CD: 3). B Histology (colonic mucosa): architectural irregularity and a mild patchy increase of lamina propria cells with neutrophilic and eosinophilic infiltration, crypt abscesses (red arrow) and an epithelioid cell granuloma (black arrow) indicating active disease. C Abdomen MRI: active disease with increased wall thickness (max: 10 mm), diffusion restriction and contrast enhancement in the distal ileum (total length:15–20 cm) and ileal stricture; mesenteric hypertrophy (creeping fat) and lymphadenopathy and conglomerated bowel loops (right lower quadrant) are also shown. SES-CD: simplified endoscopic score for Crohn’s disease