TABLE 3.

Summary of parallel process growth curve model

	Est.	SE	95% CI	Standardized estimate
Intercepts
Age 16 premeditation	3.372	0.027	[3.320, 3.424]	8.020
Age 16 sensation seeking	2.528	0.039	[2.451, 2.606]	3.508
Age 20 HED	−0.868	1.101	[−3.025, 1.289]	−0.575
Growth rates
Premeditation slope	0.027	0.009	[0.009, 0.045]	0.302
Sensation-seeking slope	0.005	0.013	[−0.021, 0.032]	0.038
HED slope	−0.254	0.306	[−0.854, 0.345]	−0.731
Fixed effects
Age 16 premeditation → Age 20 HED	−0.135	0.266	[−0.656, 0.386]	−0.038
Age 16 sensation seeking → Age 20 HED	0.394	0.130	[0.138, 0.650]	0.188
Premeditation change → Age 20 HED	−2.431	2.291	[−6.920, 2.059]	−0.144
Sensation-seeking change → Age 20 HED	1.455	1.181	[−0.859, 3.770]	0.138
White → Age 20 HED	0.375	0.153	[0.076, 0.675]	0.111
SES → Age 20 HED	0.201	0.035	[0.133, 0.269]	0.271
Male → Age 20 HED	0.036	0.142	[−0.243, 0.314]	0.012
Age 16 premeditation → HED change	0.006	0.075	[−0.140, 0.153]	0.008
Age 16 sensation seeking → HED change	0.064	0.039	[−0.011, 0.140]	0.133
Premeditation change → HED change	−0.992	0.720	[−2.404, 0.419]	−0.254
Sensation-seeking change → HED change	0.312	0.330	[−0.334, 0.958]	0.128
White → HED change	0.057	0.042	[−0.025, 0.139]	0.073
SES → HED change	0.047	0.010	[0.027, 0.068]	0.277
Male → HED change	0.037	0.039	[−0.039, 0.114]	0.054
Growth factor variances
Premeditation intercept	0.177	0.03	[0.117, 0.236]	1.000
Premeditation slope	0.008	0.005	[−0.001, 0.017]	1.000
Sensation-seeking intercept	0.519	0.054	[0.413, 0.625]	1.000
Sensation-seeking slope	0.020	0.008	[0.006, 0.035]	1.000
HED intercept	1.911	0.171	[1.575, 2.247]	0.841
HED slope	0.099	0.015	[0.069, 0.129]	0.815

Note: Bolded values indicate significance of parameters of interest at the 95% level of confidence.

Abbreviations: Est., estimate; SE, standard error; SES, socioeconomic status; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.