Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
| Wave 2 | Wave 3 | Wave 4 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | N | M (SD) | N | M (SD) | N | |
| Age (years) | 72.49 (0.71) | 866 | 76.24 (0.68) | 697 | 79.32 (0.62) | 550 |
| Sex M:F | 448:418 | 866 | 360:337 | 697 | 275:275 | 550 |
| APOE e4 carriers (N:Y) | 575:245 | 820 | 459:200 | 659 | 365:156 | 521 |
| Cortical volume (mm3) | 398,508 (396,537) | 629 | 393,294 (36,251) | 428 | 382,675 (35,046) | 328 |
| Matrix reasoning | 13.17 (4.96) | 863 | 13.04 (4.91) | 689 | 12.90 (5.03) | 535 |
| Block design | 33.64 (10.08) | 864 | 32.18 (9.95) | 691 | 31.20 (9.63) | 535 |
| Spatial span total | 14.69 (2.76) | 861 | 14.61 (2.73) | 690 | 14.13 (2.72) | 536 |
| Symbol search | 24.61 (6.18) | 862 | 24.60 (6.46) | 687 | 22.73 (6.63) | 528 |
| Digit symbol | 56.40 (12.31) | 862 | 53.81 (12.93) | 685 | 51.24 (13.01) | 535 |
| Inspection time | 111.22 (11.79) | 838 | 110.14 (12.55) | 654 | 106.96 (13.6) | 465 |
| 4-choice reaction time | 0.65 (0.09) | 865 | 0.68 (0.10) | 685 | 0.71 (0.11) | 543 |
| Logical memory | 74.23 (17.89) | 864 | 74.58 (19.20) | 688 | 72.71 (20.39) | 542 |
| Verbal pairs | 27.18 (9.46) | 843 | 26.41 (9.56) | 663 | 27.14 (9.55) | 497 |
| Digit span backwards | 7.81 (2.29) | 866 | 7.77 (2.37) | 695 | 7.56 (2.18) | 548 |
Across Waves 2–4 (brain imaging data were not collected at Wave 1 of the study).