Table 2.
Univariate and multivariable Cox hazards analysis of the training cohort
| Variables | Univariate | P-value | Multivariate | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | Ref. | – | Ref. | – |
| Female | 1.018 (0.734–1.412) | 0.914 | – | |
| Age | 0.989 (0.979–0.999) | 0.028 | 0.998 (0.985–1.011) | 0.720 |
| Etiology | ||||
| Diabetic | Ref. | Ref. | – | |
| Nephrosclerosis | 0.147 (0.098–0.220) | 0.000 | 0.540 (0.297–0.979) | 0.042 |
| Glomerulonephritis | 0.230 (0.148–0.359) | 0.000 | 0.437 (0.228–0.836) | 0.012 |
| Others | 0.170 (0.097–0.299) | 0.000 | 0.269 (0.118–0.618) | 0.002 |
| Hemoglobin | 0.701 (0.655–0.751) | 0.000 | 0.821 (0.749–0.900) | 0.000 |
| Serum albumin | 0.267 (0.216–0.330) | 0.000 | 0.869 (0.624–1.212) | 0.409 |
| Creatinine | 1.429 (1.370–1.490) | 0.000 | 1.314 (1.221–1.413) | 0.000 |
| Proteinuria | ||||
| Negative | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Positive | 28.395 (10.53–76.571) | 0.000 | 7.214 (2.547–20.436) | 0.000 |
| Urinary occult blood | ||||
| Negative | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Positive | 2.156 (1.592–2.919) | 0.000 | 1.096 (0.779–1.543) | 0.597 |
| UPCR | 1.305 (1.264–1.348) | 0.000 | 1.192 (1.126–1.261) | 0.000 |
| Hypertension | ||||
| No | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Yes | 5.976 (1.908–18.719) | 0.002 | 0.930 (0.271–3.197) | 0.909 |
| History of CVD | ||||
| No | Ref. | – | Ref. | – |
| Yes | 1.366 (0.977–1.910) | 0.068 | – | |
| Diabetes | ||||
| No | Ref. | – | Ref. | – |
| Yes | 3.005 (2.205–4.096) | 0.000 | 0.898 (0.527–1.528) | 0.690 |
| Use of RAAS inhibitor | ||||
| No | Ref. | – | Ref. | – |
| Yes | 1.808 (1.259–2.595) | 0.001 | 0.928 (0.627–1.374) | 0.710 |
| Use of calcium channel blocker | ||||
| No | Ref. | − | Ref. | – |
| Yes | 2.024 (1.474–2.778) | 0.000 | 1.298 (0.925–1.821) | 0.132 |
| Use of diuretics | ||||
| No | Ref. | – | Ref. | – |
| Yes | 2.833 (2.092–3.836) | 0.000 | 1.04 (0.741–1.461) | 0.819 |
P < 0.05 is shown in bold