Table 2.

Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the included population

Reference	Total	CG	TG	Mean age (yr)a	Sex (M/F)a	ASA (I/II/III)a	BMI (kg/m2)a
Adams et al. [24]	42	21	21	69 vs.70	7/14 vs. 5/16	NR	NR
Barrington et al. [32]	108	55	53	71 ± 9 vs. 69 ± 10	25/30 vs. 26/27	NR	31 ± 5.2 vs. 33 ± 6.1
Campbell et al. [25]	60	31	29	70 ± 8.4 vs. 72 ± 9.9	14/17 vs. 14/15	2.2 ± 0.6 vs. 2.2 ± 0.6	30.8 ± 4.8 vs. 29.1 ± 4.6
Capdevila et al. [26]	37	17	20	51 ± 15 vs. 54 ± 17	10/7 vs. 8/12	ASA I or II	NR
Davies et al. [33]	60	30	30	73.1 ± 9.0 vs. 72.3 ± 9.5	13/17 vs. 19/11	NR	NR
Sakai et al. [13]	60	30	30	73 (53-86) vs. 72 (48-84)	4/26 vs. 4/26	1/26/3 vs. 2/24/4	24.8 (16.4-33.3) vs. 24.8 (19.1-37.0)
Shanthanna et al. [30]	38	19	19	63.6 ± 5.0 vs. 63.5 ± 5.0	11/8 vs. 10/9	NR	NR
Singelyn et al. [2]	30	15	15	NR	NR	ASA II or III	NR
Zaric et al. [31]	49	23	26	67 ± 6 vs. 66 ± 7	12/11 vs. 11/15	3/20/0 vs. 4/17/5/0	NR
Chelly et al. [35]	59	30	29	70 (65-74) vs. 66 (60-74)	NR	NR	NR
Horasanli et al. [28]	76	39	37	54.0 ± 16.9 vs. 51.3 ± 14.9	27/12 vs. 24/13	14/29/0 vs. 14/23/0	NR
Kim et al. [29]	80	40	40	67.4 ± 1.3 vs. 71.8 ± 1.3	4/36 vs. 3/37	1/38/0 vs. 2/36/2	NR
Raimer et al. [34]	42	21	21	64 (61-73) vs. 69 (61-75)	7/14 vs. 10/11	2/12/7 vs. 2/15/4	33 (28-35) vs. 30 (26-34)
Al-Zahrani et al. [36]	50	25	25	60 ± 8.5 vs. 62 ± 7.5	7/18 vs. 8/17	2/23/0 vs. 6/19/0	33 ± 5 vs. 33 ± 5
Fedriani de Matos et al. [27]	58	30	28	68.6 ± 6.5 vs. 68.0 ± 8.2	70%/30% 32%/68%	0%/80%/20% vs. 4%/89%/7%	33.5 ± 8.5 vs. 30.8 ± 5.0
Kayupov et al. [37]	132	44	41/47	64/63/60	45%/55% 46%/54% 59%/41%	NR	30/31/31

CG: control group, TG: test group, ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists , BMI: body mass index, NR: not reported.

^aEpidural analgesia vs. nerve block.