Table 2.

Tissue velocities at the mitral and tricuspid annuli at sea level and high altitude

	Mitral annulus (n = 82)			Tricuspid annulus (n = 82)
	Sea level	High altitude	P-value	Sea level	High altitude	P-value
Tissue velocities measured at the septal annulus
S′ (cm/s)	10.1 (8.8, 10.9)	9.77 (8.23, 11.08)	0.662	9.37 (8.48, 10.26)	8.58 (8.15, 9.54)	0.032
E′ (cm/s)	14.2 (13.1, 15.9)	12.6 (11.1, 14.0)	< 0.001	14.5 (13.0, 16.3)	12.5 (11.4, 13.9)	< 0.001
A′ (cm/s)	9.00 (7.55, 10.67)	8.18 (7.21, 9.12)	0.168	7.89 (6.61, 9.16)	7.76 (6.35, 8.55)	0.011
E/E′	6.89 (6.31, 7.52)	6.48 (5.09, 7.70)	0.317	5.23 (4.32, 6.08)	4.93 (4.21, 5.93)	0.878
Tissue velocities measured at the lateral annulus
S′ (cm/s)	12.8 (10.9, 15.5)	13.2 (11.1, 15.3)	0.457	14.9 (13.4, 16.6)	13.9 (12.3, 16.0)	0.068
E′ (cm/s)	19.4 (17.0, 21.9)	20.4 (16.8, 23.0)	0.228	15.9 (14.1, 18.4)	15.8 (13.7, 18.1)	0.540
A′ (cm/s)	8.66 (6.83, 10.42)	8.10 (6.63, 9.17)	0.095	10.4 (9.0, 13.2)	9.54 (7.31, 11.99)	< 0.001
E/E′	5.20 (4.10, 5.89)	3.79 (3.11, 5.05)	< 0.001	4.79 (3.68, 5.64)	3.85 (3.20, 4.89)	0.003
Average tissue velocities measured at the septal and lateral annuli
S′ (cm/s)	11.5 (10.5, 12.9)	11.7 (9.7, 13.0)	0.747	12.4 (11.2, 13.9)	11.9 (10.4, 14.1)	0.708
E′ (cm/s)	17.1 (15.6, 18.9)	16.4 (14.6, 19.2)	0.341	15.3 (14.0, 16.8)	14.7 (12.9, 16.0)	0.092
A′ (cm/s)	8.93 (7.63, 10.23)	8.38 (7.13, 9.24)	0.064	9.42 (8.09, 11.40)	8.65 (7.51, 10.26)	0.001
E/E′	5.95 (4.91, 6.59)	4.70 (3.85, 5.85)	0.001	5.02 (3.95, 5.75)	4.07 (3.41, 5.01)	0.008

Data are expressed as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range). Bold values indicate statistically significant. S′ peak ventricular systolic tissue velocity, E′ peak ventricular early diastolic tissue velocity, A′ peak ventricular late diastolic tissue velocity, E/E′ the ratio between peak ventricular early diastolic annular inflow velocity and peak ventricular early diastolic tissue velocity