Table 3.
Main outcomes according to severity of maternal illness and social factors.
| Severity of Maternal Illness | Social Factors | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Underrepresented Minority Status | Language Status | Socially Vulnerability Index | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asymptomatic n = 174 | Symptomatic n = 81 | p valuea | Not URM n = 84 | URMb n = 171 | p valuea | English n = 136 | Not-English speaking n = 119 | p valuea | SVI < 90%tile n = 187 | SVI ≥ 90%tile n = 68 | p valuea | |||||||||||||
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Outcome measures | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mode of delivery | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vaginal | 108 (62.1) | 34 (42.0) | 0.02 | 42 (50.0) | 100 (58.5) | 0.08 | 72 (52.9) | 70 (58.8) | 0.397 | 106 (56.7) | 36 (52.9) | 0.620 | ||||||||||||
| Cesarean section | 66 (37.9) | 47 (58.0) | 42 (50.0) | 71 (41.5) | 64 (47.1) | 49 (41.2) | 81 (43.3) | 32 (47.1) | ||||||||||||||||
| Preterm birth <37 weeks | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Yes | 21 (12.1) | 32 (39.5) | <0.001 | 14 (16.7) | 39 (22.8) | 0.146 | 23 (16.9) | 30 (25.2) | 0.026 | 39 (20.9) | 14 (20.6) | 0.927 | ||||||||||||
| No | 153 (87.9) | 49 (60.5) | 70 (83.3) | 132 (77.2) | 113 (83.1) | 89 (74.8) | 148 (79.1) | 54 (79.4) | ||||||||||||||||
| Location of care | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Any rooming-in | 136 (78.2) | 31 (38.3) | <0.001 | 57 (67.9) | 110 (64.3) | 0.490 | 92 (67.7) | 75 (63.0) | 0.836 | 125 (66.8) | 42 (61.8) | 0.164 | ||||||||||||
| Complete separation | 38 (21.8) | 50 (61.7) | 27 (32.1) | 61 (35.7) | 44 (32.3) | 44 (37.0) | 62 (33.2) | 26 (38.2) | ||||||||||||||||
| Breastfeedingc | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Any direct breastfeeding | 124 (71.3) | 28 (34.6) | <0.001 | 54 (64.3) | 98 (57.3) | 0.361 | 78 (57.3) | 74 (62.2) | 0.698 | 116 (62.0) | 36 (52.9) | 0.200 | ||||||||||||
| No direct breastfeeding | 50 (28.7) | 53 (65.4) | 30 (35.7) | 73 (42.7) | 58 (42.7) | 45 (37.8) | 71 (38.0) | 32 (47.1) | ||||||||||||||||
URM underrepresented minority.
ap value accounts for hospital clustering using Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel chi-square tests.
bNon-Hispanic black or Hispanic of any race.
cp value additionally accounts for clustering by multiples.