. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Lancet Psychiatry. 2021 Feb 25;8(4):301–309. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30538-1

Table 2:

Effects of OAT modelled

Parameter	Parameter Value	Source
Effects of OAT: Mortality^*
Relative risk of overdose mortality if on OAT outside of prison	0.25 (95%CI: 0.18-0.36)	⁵
Relative risk of suicide mortality if on OAT outside of prison	0.48 (95%CI: 0.39-0.59)	¹¹
Relative risk of other injury mortality if on OAT outside of Prison	0.40 (95%CI: 0.34-0.46)	¹¹
Relative risk of other causes of mortality if on OAT in and outside of prison	0.86 (95%CI:0.75-0.99)	¹¹
Relative risk of suicide, injury and overdose mortality if on OAT in prison	0.13 (95%CI: 0.05-0.35)	⁹
Relative risk of overdose in first 4 weeks after prison release if on OAT at time of release (independent of whether retained on release).	0.25 (95%CI: 0.14-0.45)	⁵
Relative risk of overdose in first 4 weeks of OAT vs rest of time on OAT	1.85 (95%CI: 0.93-3.66)	^8,25
Relative risk of overdose in first 4 weeks off OAT vs rest of time off OAT	1.98 (95%CI: 1.24-3.15)	^8,25
Effects of OAT: HIV/HCV transmission^*
Relative risk of HIV transmission due to IDU if on OAT	0.46 (95%CI: 0.32-0.67)	⁶
Relative risk of HCV transmission due to IDU if on OAT	0.50 (95%CI: 0.40-0.63)	⁷
Effects of OAT: HIV treatment^*
Relative rate of ART recruitment if on OAT	1.87 (95%CI: 1.50-2.33)	¹⁰
Relative rate of ART loss to follow up if on OAT	0.77 (95%CI: 0.63-0.95)	¹⁰
Increase in odds of viral suppression if on OAT	1.45 (95%CI: 1.21-1.73)	¹⁰
Effects of OAT: Incarceration^*
Relative rate of re/incarceration if on OAT	0.79 (95%CI: 0.70–0.89)	¹²

All compared to risk if not on OAT in that setting unless stated; IDU: injecting drug use