Table 2.

Albendazole and mebendazole for treatment of tissue-invading nematode infections

Drug	Disease & parasite	Regimen	Efficacy	Remark	References
Albendazole	Visceral larva migrans (Toxocara canis)	800 mg/day×5 days	Fairly effective	In USA	[76]
		800 mg/day×21–28 days	Fairly effective	Neural toxocariasis	[77–79]
		800 mg/day×14 days	Effective	Ocular toxocariasis	[75]
	Cutaneous larva migrans (Ancylostoma spp.)	400 mg/day×5 days	Satisfactory	15 of 18 patients	[82]
		400 mg/day×10–21 days	Satisfactory	Buttock, perianal	[83]
	Anisakiasis	400 mg b.i.d.×21 days	Satisfactory	Supplementary to endoscopic removal of larvae or surgery	[88]
	Trichinosis	800 mg/day×8–15 days	Effective	Combined with methimazole to increase drug absorption	[76,98–101]
	Hepatic capillariasis	400 mg/day×21–100 days	Satisfactory	Combined with steroids	[110]
	Intestinal capillariasis	400–800 mg/day×10–30 days	Satisfactory	As effective as mebendazole	[112–114,118]
	Angiostrongyliasis	200–1,000 mg/day×7–14 days	Effective	Combined with dexamethasone	[124–126]
	Gnathostomiasis	400–1,200 mg/day×21 days	Satisfactory	CR; 93.9–94.1%	[133,138]
	Gongylonemiasis	400 mg/day×30 days	Effective	Esophageal infection	[148]
	Thelaziasis	400 mg/day×3 days	Remains to be determined	Supplementary to surgical extraction of worms	[152]
	Dracunculiasis	Poor drug candidate for this disease	-	-	-
Mebendazole	Visceral larva migrans (Toxocara canis)	100–200 mg b.i.d.×5 days	Effective	-	[76]
		20–25 mg/kg/day×21 days	Effective	-	[81]
	Cutaneous larva migrans (Ancylostoma spp.)	Clinical trial seldom done	-	Albendazole better than mebendazole	[85]
	Anisakiasis	100 mg b.i.d.×3 days	Fairly effective	Supplementary to surgery	[92]
	Trichinosis	5 mg/kg/day×10–15 days	Effective	-	[99]
		200–400 mg t.i.d.×3 days, and then 400–500 mg t.i.d.×10 days	Effective	-	[76,100]
	Hepatic capillariasis	Clinical trial needed	-	-	-
	Intestinal capillariasis	200–400 mg/day×20–30 days	Satisfactory	As effective as albendazole	[115,120]
	Angiostrongyliasis	10 mg/kg/day×14 days	Effective	Steroid needs to be combined	[129]
	Gnathostomiasis	200 mg/day×21 days	Effective	After surgery	[142]
	Gongylonemiasis	Clinical trial needed	-	-	-
	Thelaziasis	Clinical trial needed	-	-	-
	Dracunculiasis	Poor drug candidate for this disease	-	-	-