Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 102 patients with pituitary adenomas invading the CS.
| Variables | Value |
|---|---|
| Mean age, years (range) | 39.1 (24~71) |
| Females (%) | 53 (52.0) |
| Preoperative manifestation | |
| High hormone level (%) | 40 (39.0) |
| Headache (%) | 33 (32.4) |
| Visual dysfunction (%) | 38 (37.3) |
| Cranial nerve palsy (%) | 6 (5.9) |
| Incidental discovery (%) | 8 (7.8) |
| Endocrinological types | |
| Non-functional (%) | 62 (60.8) |
| GH (%) | 13 (12.7) |
| GH/PRL mixed (%) | 10 (9.8) |
| PRL (%) | 9 (8.8) |
| ACTH (%) | 5 (4.9) |
| FSH (%) | 2 (2.0) |
| TSH (%) | 1 (1.0) |
| Direction of invasion | |
| Bilateral (%) | 36 (35.3) |
| Unilateral (%) | 66 (64.7) |
| Left (%) | 35 (53.0) |
| Right (%) | 31 (47.0) |
| Contralateral (%) | |
| Knosp 0 (%) | 19 (28.8) |
| Knosp 1 (%) | 17 (25.8) |
| Knosp 2 (%) | 14 (21.2) |
| Knosp 3 (%) | 16 (24.2) |
| Size of tumor | |
| Giant pituitary adenoma | 39 (38.2) |
| Macroadenoma | 63 (61.8) |
| Volume of tumor (V, cm3) | |
| V<15 | 22 (21.6) |
| 15≤V ≤ 30 | 37 (36.3) |
| >30 | 43(42.1) |
| Previous treatment | |
| No surgery (%) | 60 (58.8) |
| Craniotomy (%) | 5 (4.9) |
| Transnasal microscopy (%) | 12 (11.8) |
| Transnasal endoscopic (%) | 15 (14.7) |
| Mixed surgery (%) | 10 (9.8) |
| Radiotherapy (%) | 16 (15.7) |