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Nasal IgA responses to InvaplexNAT. The Invaplex IgA sp act (units anti-Invaplex IgA per µg total IgA) in NS was determined after measuring anti-Invaplex IgA and total IgA by ELISA. The fold increase was then calculated by dividing the postimmunization sp act by the preimmunization sp act. Geometric mean and SEM are presented. Arrows indicate when immunizations with DNA/protein ± InvaplexNAT were performed. Postimmunization fold increases had to be 3.4-fold to be considered significant.
