Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants
| Depressive disorder (N=134) | Bipolar disorder (N=53) | Non-mood disorder (N=33) | F or χ2 | p value | Post-hoc | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean, SD | 15.4 | 1.5 | 15.4 | 1.7 | 14.6 | 1.8 | 3.55 | 0.030 | D>N | |
| Gender, males, N,% | 59 | 44 | 12 | 22.6 | 19 | 57.6 | 11.66 | 0.003 | N, D>B | |
| Comorbidity, N, % | ||||||||||
| Anxiety disorder | 25 | 18.7 | 15 | 28.3 | 17 | 51.5 | 15.10 | 0.001 | N>B, D | |
| Somatic symptom disorder | 10 | 7.5 | 3 | 5.7 | 6 | 18.2 | 4.64 | 0.098 | ||
| ADHD | 7 | 5.2 | 3 | 5.7 | 8 | 24.2 | 13.34 | 0.001 | N>B, D | |
| Tic disorder | 3 | 2.2 | 2 | 3.8 | 3 | 9.1 | 3.55 | 0.169 | ||
| Eating disorder | 4 | 3.0 | 2 | 3.8 | 4 | 12.1 | 5.19 | 0.075 | ||
| CD/ODD | 4 | 3.0 | 1 | 1.9 | 4 | 12.1 | 6.50 | 0.039 | N>B, D | |
| FSIQ, mean, SD | 102.0 | 13.9 | 98.5 | 11.9 | 98.9 | 12.5 | 1.59 | 0.206 | ||
| RCMAS, mean, SD | 18.2 | 7.2 | 19.4 | 7.6 | 12.7 | 6.3 | 9.67 | <0.001 | D, B>N | |
| CDI, mean, SD | 22.0 | 8.9 | 24.4 | 11.3 | 14.9 | 8.0 | 10.97 | <0.001 | D, B>N | |
| A-GBI, mean, SD | ||||||||||
| Depressive | 59.7 | 31.8 | 71.5 | 34.2 | 32.4 | 28.3 | 15.53 | <0.001 | D, B>N | |
| Hypomanic/biphasic | 23.7 | 14.1 | 30.8 | 17.3 | 15.7 | 14.9 | 10.56 | <0.001 | B>D>N | |
| P-GBI-10M, mean, SD | 8.0 | 6.0 | 8.6 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 5.1 | 1.22 | 0.298 | ||
| Maternal BDI, mean, SD | 11.5 | 8.5 | 13.5 | 9.0 | 11.3 | 9.3 | 1.02 | 0.363 | ||
Multiple comparison corrected significance level: p<0.003. ADHD: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, A-GBI: adolescent version of General Behavioral Inventory, BDI: Beck Depression Inventory, CDI: Children’s Depression Inventory, CD: conduct disorder, FSIQ: full scale intelligence quotient, ODD: oppositional defiant disorder, P-GBI-10M: Parent General Behavior Inventory-10-item Mania Scale, RCMAS: Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale, SD: standard deviation, B: Bipolar disorder, D: depressive disorder, N: non-mood disorder