Table 3.
Therapeutic effects of OX40/OX40L blockade in vivo.
| Disease | Model | Intervention and effect |
|---|---|---|
| Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) | Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mouse | Anti-OX40L mAb ameliorated clinical score and suppress IFN-γ and anti-CII Ig2a production (34) |
| CIA mouse | Anti-OX40L mAb reduced the proinflammatory responses and ameliorated arthritis development (118) | |
| CIA mouse | Treatment with the anti-OX40 Fab′PEG blocking antibody and the OX40L:Ig fusion protein delayed the time of onset of arthritis and reduced the overall clinical score (119) | |
| Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) | NOD mouse | Anti-OX40L mAb given to NOD mice at 12 weeks of age prevented diabetes development (120) |
| Multiple Sclerosis | EAE mouse | Anti-OX40L antibody leaded to decline of clinical score and reduction of spinal cord T cell infiltration (121, 122) |
| Asthma | mouse and nonhuman primate models | Anti-OX40L mAb inhibited Th2 lung inflammation (123) |
| Mild atopic asthmatic patients | A humanized anti-OX40L mAb has no effect on allergen-induced airway responses despite partial and transient reduction in total IgE and airway eosinophils (124) | |
| Atopic dermatitis | Patients with moderate to severe syndrome | Blocking anti-OX40 antibody showed significant clinical improvement (125) |
| Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) | nonhuman primate model | Combined OX40L and mTOR blockade prolonged survival by controlling effector T cell activation (126) |