FIGURE 3.

LNT protects β‐cells against ethanol‐induced defected insulin secretion and synthesis. MIN6 cells were pretreated with LNT at different concentrations (0‐400 μg/mL) for 2 h and then exposed to ethanol (60 mmol/L) for another 48 h. GSIS (A) and KSIS (B) indices were calculated (n = 6). C, Insulin content was measured in MIN6 cells treated with ethanol and/or LNT after acidified ethanol extraction (n = 6). D‐E, Insulin1 and Insulin2 mRNA levels in MIN6 cells in C were detected via qRT‐PCR assay, other β‐cell important genes mRNA levels were measured in (E). F, The protein levels of NeuroD1, MafA, PDX‐1 in MIN6 cells in C were detected by Western blot assay. GAPDH was used as internal control. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. For A‐E, ^## P < .01, ^### P < .001 vs. control + PBS group (LNT:0; EtOH: 0); *P < .05, **P < .01, ***P < .001 vs. EtOH + PBS group (EtOH: 60 mmol/L; LNT: 0)