Table 3:
Number and duration of on-farm exposure measures, by agricultural activity and farm type (a/b/c, where a = # of trunk and dominant upper arm posture and movement speed measures, b = # of muscle activity measures, and c = # involving machinery operationA).
| Farm Type | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agricultural Activity | Grain only | Beef only | Specialty | 2 comm. | ≥3 comm. | Totals | Duration (min)B |
| Field work with a self-powered machine | 15/13/15 | -/-/- | 1/1/1 | 16/14/20 | 10/9/8 | 42/37/44 | 76.2 [47.2, 98.6] |
| Repair/service equipment | 9/10/1 | -/-/- | 2/1/- | 16/17/4 | 8/8/- | 35/36/5 | 44.6 [24.5, 82.0] |
| Repair/service buildings/structures | 5/5/2 | 1/1/- | 2/2/- | 8/10/2 | 5/4/- | 21/22/4 | 54.9 [37.7, 79.2] |
| Handle/store harvested crops | 4/3/3 | -/-/- | 2/2/1 | 11/10/11 | 8/7/5 | 25/22/20 | 57.0 [34.9, 92.2] |
| Manual material handling | 3/3/- | -/-/- | 3/3/- | 9/9/- | 7/6/- | 22/21/- | 16.4 [6.0, 37.0] |
| Powered material handling | 4/4/4 | -/-/- | 2/2/2 | 13/14/14 | 5/5/4 | 24/25/24 | 30.2 [12.9, 51.1] |
| Feed animals | -/-/- | 1/1/- | -/-/- | 15/17/12 | 7/7/1 | 23/25/13 | 29.3 [19.4, 46.6] |
| Move/load/sort animals | -/-/- | 1/1/- | -/-/- | 7/7/1 | 6/6/- | 14/14/1 | 17.4 [10.8, 30.5] |
| Treat/tag animals | -/-/- | -/-/- | -/-/- | 7/8/1 | 7/6/- | 14/14/1 | 24.0 [11.3, 61.2] |
| Milk animals | -/-/- | -/-/- | -/-/- | 4/3/- | 4/3/- | 8/6/- | 44.6 [24.5, 82.0] |
| Paperwork/office | 1/1/- | -/-/- | -/-/- | 3/1/- | -/-/- | 4/2/- | 33.9 [21.0, 46.8] |
| Totals | 41/39/25 | 3/3/- | 12/11/4 | 109/110/65 | 67/61/18 | 232/224/112 | 40.7 [17.0–75.1] |
A
Tasks involving machinery operation also included measurement of whole-body vibration; results are reported in Fethke et al. (2018)
B
Sampling duration reported for muscle activity measures as median [interquartile range], in minutes.