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. 2021 Jun 1;78(13):5341–5370. doi: 10.1007/s00018-021-03846-2

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 7 — Comparison of phasic and tonic currents. a Phasic current. 1: due to the high GABA EC50 of most phasic receptors, background GABA transients do not activate GABA_A receptors. 2: fast activation. 3: high amplitude current peak. 4: slow deactivation. 5: rundown. b Tonic current. 1: slow activation. 2: steady-state, low-amplitude current with limited desensitization