Table 1.
Clinical and demographic parameters of the study sample according to SSEP groups.
| N | Total sample | Low SSEP (29.4 ≤ SSEP < 61.8) | High SSEP (61.8 ≤ SSEP ≤ 86.4) | p-valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (range), y | 966 | 40 (13–96) | 37 (13–93) | 44 (13–96) | 0.06 |
| Men, n (%) | 966 | 442 (45.8) | 240 (49.8) | 202 (41.7) | 0.01 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 816 | 397 (48.7) | 211 (51.7) | 186 (45.6) | 0.09 |
| Main diagnosis, n (%) | 966 | 0.02 | |||
| Psychotic disorders (F20-F24;F28-F29) | 348 (36) | 196 (40.7) | 152 (31.4) | ||
| Schizoaffective disorders (F25) | 85 (8.8) | 47 (9.8) | 38 (7.9) | ||
| Bipolar disorders (F30-F31) | 163 (16.9) | 78 (16.2) | 85 (17.6) | ||
| Depressive disorders (F32-F33) | 179 (18.5) | 76 (15.8) | 103 (21.3) | ||
| Organic disorders (F00-F09; F28-F29) | 28 (2.9) | 12 (2.5) | 16 (3.3) | ||
| Other | 163 (16.9) | 73 (15.2) | 90 (18.6) | ||
| Psychotropic treatment group, n (%)b | 966 | 0.31 | |||
| Low risk of WG | 186 (19.3) | 100 (20.8) | 86 (17.8) | ||
| Medium risk of WG | 582 (60.3) | 279 (57.9) | 303 (62.6) | ||
| High risk of WG | 198 (20.5) | 103 (21.4) | 95 (19.6) | ||
| Metabolic parameters at first observationc | |||||
| BMI, median (range), kg/m2 | 966 | 23.2 (13.3–54.1) | 23.6 (14.5–54.1) | 22.7 (13.3– 53.5) | 0.004 |
| Overweight (25 ≥ BMI < 30 kg/m2), n (%) | 234 (24.2) | 125 (25.9) | 109 (22.5) | 0.05 | |
| Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), n (%) | 122 (12.6) | 70 (14.5) | 52 (10.7) | ||
| WC, median (range), cm | 819 | 87 (28–162) | 88 (45–133) | 85 (43–162) | 0.09 |
| Central obesity (WC ≥ 94 cm in male or ≥88 cm in female), n (%) | 339 (41.4) | 182 (44.5) | 157 (38.3) | 0.08 | |
| Hypercholesterolemia (≥5 mmol/l), n (%) | 678 | 285 (42) | 140 (41.2) | 145 (42.9) | 0.70 |
| LDL hypercholesterolemia (≥3 mmol/l), n (%) | 639 | 236 (36.9) | 115 (37) | 121 (36.9) | 1.00 |
| HDL hypocholesterolemia (≤1 mmol/l), n (%) | 664 | 82 (12.4) | 49 (14.9) | 33 (9.9) | 0.06 |
| Fasting hypertriglyceridemia (≥2 mmol/l), n (%) | 664 | 99 (14.9) | 55 (16.6) | 44 (13.2) | 0.26 |
| Systolic blood pressure, median (range), mmHg | 699 | 120 (72–206) | 120 (80–180) | 120 (72–206) | 0.60 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, median (range), mmHg | 699 | 75 (40–120) | 77 (44–117) | 74 (40–120) | 0.05 |
| Fasting glucose, median (range), mmol/l | 492 | 5 (3–14.9) | 5 (3–14.3) | 5 (3–14.9) | 0.40 |
Low and high SSEPs indicate SSEPs lower and higher than the median SSEP, respectively.
BMI body mass index, HDL high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, F00-F33 ICD codes, LDL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, SSEP Swiss socio-economic position, WC waist circumference, WG weight gain.
ap-values were calculated using Student t-tests for continuous variables and χ2 test of independence for categorical variables. Significant p-values are indicated in bold.
bAmisulpride, aripiprazole, haloperidol, lurasidone, and flupentixol were considered as drugs with a low propensity for WG; quetiapine, risperidone, paliperidone, lithium, mirtazapine, zuclopenthixol, and levomepromazine were classified in the group with medium propensity for WG and valproate, olanzapine and clozapine were considered as having a high propensity for WG.
cFirst observation includes observations at baseline for 86.6% of the sample, at 1 month for 9.5%, and later for 3.8% of the sample.