Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of target cohort (n = 781).
| Characteristic | |
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 36 (13) |
| Women, n (%) | 489 (63) |
| Education, n (%) | |
| HS or less | 222 (28) |
| Some college | 252 (32) |
| College | 201 (26) |
| Post-college | 105 (13) |
| Collision characteristics, n (%) | |
| Driver | 676 (87) |
| Airbag deployed | 219 (29) |
| Front end | 359 (46) |
| Severe vehicle damage | 408 (54) |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 28 (6) |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 200 (26) |
| Distressa in ED, mean (SD) | 19 (10) |
| Pain severityb in ED, mean (SD) | 5.5 (2.4) |
BMI body mass index, ED emergency department, MVC motor vehicle collision trauma, SEP socioeconomic position.
aDistress was measured with the peritraumatic distress inventory (scale of 0–52).
bPain severity was measured using the numeric rating scale (0–10 NRS).