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. 2021 Jun 29;7:150. doi: 10.1038/s41420-021-00548-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — A, B Representative images illustrate IgG and albumin extravasation in the cerebral cortex of endothelial-specific IRS-1 transgenic rats (eTg/0) and wide type control rats (eWT) at basal state (B, i.e. on P7 before HI), and the relative integrated optic density (IOD) of IgG (N = 6, P = 0.01, t = −3.16) and albumin (N = 6, P = 0.077, t = −2.117) signals was quantified. Scale bar: 125um. Independent t-test was used for statistical analysis. All data are presented as mean ± SD. * P < 0.05. C The eTg/0 rats had more perivascular fibrin deposits than that of eWT rats at basal state. N = 4, Scale bar: 50um. Inset scale bar: 50 μm (D) (Upper panel), The eTg/0 rats had less tight junction protein ZO-1 expression that co-localized with RECA(+) vessels than that of eWT rats at basal state. N = 4, Scale bar: 25 μm. (Lower panel) In the eTg/0 rats at basal state (eTg/0-B), in contrast to ZO-1, other tight junction proteins (claudin-5 and occludin) showed more co-localized with RECA (+) vessels. Scale bar: 50 μm. E Upregulation of IRS-1 associated with high level of ZO-1 protein expression in the primary endothelial cells (PEC) from eTg/0 pups (PEC-eTg/0) and IRS-1 overexpressed hCMEC clones (hCMEC-IRS-1 C1) compared to PEC from eWT pups (PEC-eWT) and hCMEC control clones (hCMEC-pTag), respectively. N = 5. F The distribution of ZO-1 became scattered throughout the cytoplasm of hCMEC-IRS-1 cells and PEC-eTg/0 compared to that of hCMEC-pTag control cells and PEC-eWT. N = 4, Scale bar: 25 μm.