Table 1.
Evaluation of the primary HTS selected compounds.
| Compounds | IC50 μmol/L | CC50 μmol/L |
|---|---|---|
| Homoharringtonine | 0.19 | 50.66 |
| Bruceine D | 0.36 | 25.66 |
| Cucurbitacin B | 0.26 | 15.66 |
| Dihydroartemisinin | 0.47 | > 100 |
| Digitonin | 0.62 | > 100 |
| Plumbagin | 0.41 | 12.56 |
| Schizandrin A | 0.42 | 21.53 |
| Dihydrochelerythrine | 0.49 | > 100 |
| Betulonic acid | 0.52 | 44.54 |
| Artesunate | 0.57 | > 100 |
| Sodium aescinate | 0.69 | > 100 |
| Escin | 0.76 | > 100 |
| Oleanonic acid | 1.99 | 32.61 |
| Cepharanthine | 2.25 | 29.85 |
| Corosolic acid | 2.62 | 9.99 |
| Bergamotine | 2.98 | 23.76 |
| Harringtonine | 3.02 | 21.34 |
| Schisanhenol | 3.02 | 21.34 |
| Fangchinoline | 3.78 | 38.58 |
| Fangchinoline | 4.39 | 40.10 |
| Dihydroactinidiolide | 4.66 | > 100 |
| Schizandrin B | 6.00 | 41.18 |
| Tetrandrine | 6.37 | 19.35 |
| Liriope muscari baily saponins C | 7.78 | 28.32 |
| Ophiopogonin D | 7.78 | 28.32 |
| Saikosaponin A | 9.22 | 27.72 |
| Berbamine dihydrochloride | 9.79 | 40.32 |
| Daurisoline | 10.13 | 29.28 |
| Reserpine | 10.20 | 33.33 |
| Curcumin | 11.23 | > 100 |
| Magnolol | 31.37 | > 100 |
After primary HTS, 31 compounds were selected for follow-up analysis. Each compound was used to pre-treat cells at concentrations of 0.1 μmol/L, 0.25 μmol/L, 0.5 μmol/L, 1 μmol/L, 2 μmol/L, 4 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L and 100 μmol/L. The vehicle was used as negative control. After 48 h of infection, cell nuclei were stained with Hoechst. Then the plates were scanned by using a high-content-screening microplate imaging reader. Fifty nine fields per well were scanned using 20× objective and analysed for percentage of infection and cell number. The infection positive cell rates and total cell counts were all normalized to that of vehicle control wells.