TABLE 1.

Univariate analysis of complications.

Characteristic		Total	DN	P	DPN	P	DA	P	DED	P	KE	P
Duration of unadjusted hypoglycemic treatment				<0.0001		<0.0001		<0.0001		<0.0001		0.0284
	1	94	8(8.51%)		12(12.77%)		6(6.38%)		2(2.13%)		1(1.06%)
	2	37	12(32.43%)		21(56.76%)		16(43.24%)		3(8.11%)		0(0%)
	≥3	34	19(55.88%)		32(94.12%)		20(58.82%)		10(29.41%)		3(8.82%)
Gender				0.5902		0.5989		0.9407		0.5286		0.5110
	Male	97	21
		39(40.21%)		25(25.77%)		10(10.31%)		3(3.09%)
			(21.65%)
	Female	68	17(25.00%)		25(36.76%)		17(25.00%)		5(7.35%)		1(1.47%)
Age				0.1073		0.2169		0.3698		0.4278		0.0664
	≤ 45	12	2(16.67%)		5(41.67%)		5(41.67%)		1(8.33%)		1(8.33%)
	45–55 (included)	36	6(16.67%)		12(33.33%)		9(25.00%)		3(8.33%)		2(1.20%)
	55–65 (included)	34	6(17.65%)		11(32.35%)		10(29.41%)		2(5.88%)		0(0%)
	65–75 (included)	38	11(28.95%)		14(36.84%)		6(15.79%)		3(7.89%)		1(2.63%)
	> 75	45	13(28.89%)		22(48.89%)		12(26.67%)		6(13.33%)		0(0%)
Duration of T2D				<0.0001		0.0022		0.0015		0.0082		0.7701
	1–2 (included) years	22	0(0%)		4(18.18%)		2(9.09%)		0(0%)		1(4.55%)
	2–5 (included) years	22	3(13.64%)		5(22.73%)		2(9.09%)		1(4.55%)		0(0%)
	5–10 (included) years	71	13(18.31%)		28(39.44%)		19(26.76%)		5(7.04%)		2(2.82%)
	> 10 years	50	22(44.00%)		27(54.00%)		19(38.00%)		9(18.00%)		1(2.00%)
Hereditary history				0.5824		0.037		0.1291		0.0189		0.714
	No	113	26(23.01%)		39(34.51%)		26(23.01%)		7(6.19%)		2(1.77%)
	Yes	37	10(27.03%)		20(54.05%)		13(35.14%)		7(18.92%)		1(2.70%)

Data are number (%).

The duration of T2D and the duration of unadjusted hypoglycemic treatment were significant risk factors affecting DN, DPN, DA, and DED.

The genetic history of diabetes was a risk factor for DPN and DO.

DN, diabetic nephropathy; DPN, diabetic peripheral neuropathy; DA, diabetic angiopathy; DED, diabetic eye disease; KE, ketoacidosis.