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. 2021 Jun 22;9:680257. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.680257

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Copyright © 2021 Elahi, Tanska, Korhonen, Lories, Famaey and Jonkers.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The results of the intact explant model subjected to injurious loading showing the degeneration of main constituents and comparison to previous experimental results: (A) fibril reorientation compared to (1) (Makela et al., 2012; Mononen et al., 2018), (B) fibril degradation compared to (2) (Lin et al., 2004), (C,D) the FCD loss and increase in tissue hydration compared to (3) (Mononen et al., 2018), and (4) (Lin et al., 2004). The curves of progression of the degeneration aspects vs. remodeling iterations in each of the three cartilage layers and over the whole tissue are shown.