Table 2.
Effects on health outcomes comparing National Survey and Glasgow East young men (n = 2681).
| National |
Glasgow east |
National cf Glasgow east |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mental Health | n | % | n | % | Model 1 |
Model 2 |
||
| OR | 95%CI | OR | 95%CI | |||||
| Psychosis (PSQ3+) | 38 | 2.0 | 26 | 3.5 | 1.77* | 1.07–2.94 | 1.11 | 0.95–1.29 |
| Anxiety disorder | 202 | 10.7 | 106 | 14.0 | 1.34* | 1.04–1.73 | 1.07 | 0.99–1.15 |
| Depressive disorder | 134 | 7.5 | 65 | 8.9 | 1.22 | 0.89–1.66 | 0.99 | 0.90–1.08 |
| Antisocial personality disorder | 367 | 20.3 | 173 | 23.2 | 1.18 | 0.96–1.45 | 0.99 | 0.93–1.05 |
| Suicide attempt | 114 | 6.1 | 48 | 6.2 | 1.02 | 0.72–1.44 | 0.94 | 0.85–1.04 |
| Substance Use | ||||||||
| Alcohol dependence | 132 | 7.0 | 84 | 11.4 | 1.71*** | 1.28–2.27 | 1.10* | 1.01–1.19 |
| Drug dependence | 41 | 2.2 | 47 | 6.3 | 2.95*** | 1.92–4.52 | 1.20** | 1.06–1.37 |
| Problem gambling | 112 | 6.5 | 69 | 9.9 | 1.61** | 1.17–2.20 | 1.07 | 0.98–1.17 |
| Violence and criminality | ||||||||
| Repeated violence ≥4 | 252 | 13.6 | 132 | 18.1 | 1.43** | 1.13–1.80 | 1.06 | 0.99–1.13 |
| IPV | 63 | 3.3 | 28 | 3.7 | 1.10 | 0.70–1.74 | 0.95 | 0.84–1.08 |
| Fear violent victimisation | 280 | 15.3 | 175 | 24.2 | 1.79*** | 1.44–2.21 | 1.15*** | 1.08–1.22 |
| Carried knife | 106 | 5.5 | 84 | 11.0 | 2.13*** | 1.58–2.88 | 1.11* | 1.02–1.22 |
| Gang fights | 56 | 2.9 | 67 | 8.8 | 3.32*** | 2.29–4.80 | 1.27*** | 1.14–1.43 |
| Peers encourage crime | 161 | 9.0 | 102 | 14.0 | 1.67*** | 1.28–2.18 | 1.11* | 1.03–1.20 |
| In prison ≥2 times | 38 | 2.0 | 61 | 8.0 | 4.06*** | 2.68–6.17 | 1.35*** | 1.18–1.54 |
| Instrumental violence | 143 | 7.6 | 120 | 15.8 | 2.27*** | 1.75–2.94 | 1.17*** | 1.08–1.26 |
| Criminal versatility ≥3 | 63 | 3.3 | 57 | 7.5 | 2.32*** | 1.60–3.36 | 1.12* | 1.01–1.25 |
| Physical health/risks | ||||||||
| Physical health poor/fair | 212 | 11.2 | 165 | 21.7 | 2.15*** | 1.71–2.69 | 1.15*** | 1.08–1.24 |
| Longstanding physical condition | 161 | 8.4 | 109 | 14.3 | 1.72*** | 1.32–2.24 | 1.09* | 1.01–1.18 |
| Serious/life threatening injury | 52 | 2.7 | 36 | 4.7 | 1.70* | 1.10–2.64 | 1.18* | 1.03–1.35 |
| High fat/low fibre diet | 121 | 6.3 | 75 | 9.8 | 1.63** | 1.20–2.20 | 0.96 | 0.87–1.05 |
| Lack of exercise | 186 | 9.7 | 94 | 12.2 | 1.28 | 0.98–1.66 | 1.03 | 0.95–1.11 |
| Smoking ≥ 15/day | 271 | 14.1 | 146 | 19.1 | 1.43*** | 1.15–1.79 | 1.13*** | 1.06–1.22 |
| Short stature ≤160.5 cm | 40 | 2.4 | 35 | 5.0 | 2.12*** | 1.34–3.36 | 1.21** | 1.05–1.41 |
| Obesity (BMI>30) | 208 | 12.7 | 84 | 12.4 | 0.92 | 0.70–1.21 | 0.95 | 0.88–1.03 |
Model 1: adjusted for age. Model 2: adjusted for age and IMDR.
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.
PSQ: Psychosis Screening Questionnaire. IPV: intimate partner violence.