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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Glia. 2021 Apr 14;69(8):2037–2053. doi: 10.1002/glia.24011

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Effect of nicotine on calcium signaling in astrocytes. (a) and (b) Representative calcium activity of control astrocytes and those treated with 10 μM nicotine for 24 hours (scalebar = 40 μm). (c) Fraction of cells showing calcium activity in the cell soma. One-way ANOVA for fraction of cell soma (n = 34, p = 0.002). Bonferroni and Holm post hoc analysis **p = 0.009 for control vs astrocytes treated with 0.1 μM nicotine, **p = 0.008 for control vs astrocytes treated with 1 μM of nicotine for 24 hours, ***p < 0.001 for control vs astrocytes treated with 10 μM of nicotine for 24 hours. (d) Fraction of astrocytic processes showing calcium activity. One-Way ANOVA for fraction of astrocytic processes (n = 32, p < 0.001). Bonferroni and Holm post hoc analysis. **p = 0.005 for control vs astrocytes treated with 0.1 μM of nicotine for 24 hours, **p = 0.005 for control vs astrocytes treated with 1 and ***p < 0.001 for control vs astrocytes treated with 10 μM of nicotine for 24 hours. (e) Average number of events per astrocytic cell soma within a 2-minute interval. One-Way ANOVA for number of events in cell soma (n = 112, p = 0.015). Bonferroni and Holm post hoc analysis *p = 0.012 for control vs astrocytes treated with 0.1 μM nicotine, p = 1.440 for control vs astrocytes treated with 1 μM of nicotine, p = 0.726 for control vs astrocytes treated with 10 μM of nicotine. (f) Average number of events per astrocytic processes within a 2-minute interval. One-Way ANOVA for number of events in processes (n = 81, p < 0.00). Bonferroni and Holm post hoc analysis ***p < 0.001 for control vs astrocytes treated with 0.1 μM nicotine, p = 0.07 for control vs astrocytes treated with 1 μM of nicotine, p = 0.220 for control vs astrocytes treated with 10 μM of nicotine. (g) Average number of events in mecamylamine pretreated astrocytic cell soma within a 2-minute interval. One-Way ANOVA for number of events in processes (n = 141, p = 0.515 (h) Average number of events in mecamylamine pretreated astrocytic processes within a 2-minute interval. One-Way ANOVA for number of events in processes (n = 81, p = 0.965). Data are expressed in the form of mean ± SEM and were used from 3–5 independent cultures.