Figure 6.

180° magnetization switching boundary angle and switching window size controlled by E-fields

(A–D) Schematics of the 180° magnetization switching boundary angles Φ₁ and Φ₂ at (A) 0 kV/cm, (B) 2 kV/cm, (C) 4 kV/cm, and (D) 6 kV/cm, respectively. The switching window size is defined as the difference between the switching boundary angles. The oval-shaped FL of the MTJ is divided into two regions that represent the antiparallel (cyan) and the parallel (light violet) magnetization configurations.

(E) The switching boundary angles and switching window size are functions of the applied E-field. For accuracy, the angle error bar is overestimated to be ±5°.