Table 1.

Data extraction

Information extracted	Description
Author	List of authors
Year	Publication year
Title	Study title
Country	Country where the study was conducted
Setting	Physical location where the study was conducted (e.g., mental health agency)
Design	Study design as reported or inferred from study methods (e.g., observational, experimental)
Study methodology	Study methodology (qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods)
Data sources	Types of instruments used (e.g., survey, interview)
Measures	Names of measures used and respondents
Construct validity	Whether or not measures had established construct validity
EBP or clinical innovation	EBP or clinical innovation being implemented
Phase of implementation	Stage of the EBP implementation (exploration, preparation, implementation, sustainment, multiple, no active implementation, or not reported)
Leader role	Level of leadership included and leaders’ role in supporting EBP delivery or implementation
First-level leadership	Leadership style, behaviors or characteristics examined
Inner-context outcomes	EPIS inner-context factors examined
Implementation outcomes	Implementation outcomes examined
Level of analysis	Level at which studies measured and analyzed leadership and inner-context and implementation outcomes (individual, team, organization)
Results	Description of the nature of the associations between leadership and inner-context and implementation outcomes

EBP evidence-based practice, EPIS exploration, preparation, implementation, sustainment framework