Table 1.
Amniotic membrane transplantation for managing acute Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis
| Authors and publish year | Study type | Number of patients (eyes) | Mean age, years (SD/range) | Ratio of children to adult | Severity at presentation, n (%) | AMT method (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sharma et al., 2016[7] | RCT | AMT + medicine: 25 (50) | 31.69 (16.67) | NA | Mild: 88% | Fibrin glue with a symblepharon ring |
| Single medicine: 25 (50) | 27.92 (12.48) | Moderate: 12% | ||||
| Gregory, 2011[33] | PS | 10 (20) | 16.2 (3-28) | 5:5 | Severe | Suture/ProKera |
| Shanbhag et al., 2020[3] | RS | 29 (55) | 23 (6-69) | 10:19 | NA | Suture (31/55, 56%) |
| ProKera (24/55, 44%) | ||||||
| Yang et al., 2020[34] | RS | 16 (32) | 27.2 (21.5) | 7:9 | 25/32 very severe | Suture |
| 7/32 severe | ||||||
| Shanbhag et al., 2019[27] | RS | 48 (96) | 29.1 (18.7/1.5-71) | 13:26 | Mild 22% | Suture/ProKera |
| Severe 54% | ||||||
| Very severe 24% | ||||||
| Ahmad et al., 2017[35] | RS | SJS: 32 | 10 (1-16) | NA | NA | Suture/ProKera/both |
| Non-SJS: 16 | 6 (0.03-14) | |||||
| Agrawal and Pratap, 2015[36] | RS | 8 (14) | 34 (25-46) | NA | Sutureless AM mounted on symblepharon conformer | |
| Ma et al., 2016[37] | RS | 9 (18) | 6-18 | NA | NA | AMT with multiple pieces/one large single piece |
| Kim et al., 2013[38] | RS | 51 | Pediatric group: 7.5 (4.8/1-16) | 17:34 | NA | Pediatric group: AMT 2/AMT + medicine 2 |
| Adult group: 46.2 (14.2/21-59) | Adult group: AMT 0/AMT + medicine 5 | |||||
| Hsu et al., 2012[8] | RS | AM group: 13 (25) | NA | NA | Severe: 20.3% | Suture/ProKera |
| MT group: 17 (33) | Moderate: 20.3% | |||||
| Mild: 38.5% | ||||||
| Shammas et al., 2010[39] | RS | 8 (16) | 2-82 | 3:5 | Severe | Suture/ProKera/AM with 24 mm Kontur bandage contact lens |
| Shay et al., 2009[2] | Review | 6 (12) | 4-12 | NA | Severe | Suture: 6 |
| Cryopreserved AM: 4 | ||||||
| Nassim et al., 2021[31] | Case report | 1 (2) | 8 weeks | NA | Severe | NA |
| Elhusseiny et al., 2021[40] | Case report | 1 (2) | 2 months | NA | Severe | Suture |
| Baş and Uçakhan Gündüz, 2019[41] | Case report | 1 (2) | 1 | NA | Severe | Sutureless with symblepharon ring |
| Cheung et al., 2016[42] | Case report | 1 (2) | 61 | NA | Severe | Suture |
| Pruet et al., 2014[30] | Case report | 1 (2) | 27 | NA | Severe | Sutureless with symblepharon ring and fibrin glue |
| Muqit et al., 2007[29] | Case report | 1 (2) | 10 | NA | Severe | Suture |
| Authors and publish year | Application time of symptom onset | BCVA outcome after AMT | Ocular cicatricial sequelae | Follow-up | ||
| Sharma et al., 2015[7] | Within 1~4 weeks | AMT group: 0.068±0.10 logMAR units | No cases in AMT group | 6 | ||
| Medicine group: 0.522±0.52 logMAR units | ||||||
| Gregory, 2011[33] | 3-10 days | All ≥20/30 | Mild-to-moderate cicatricial sequelae | ≥6 months | ||
| Shanbhag et al., 2020[3] | 5 days | 87% (48/55) of eyes ≥20/40 | 78% (43/55): MGD | 2.5 (1.2-3.6) years | ||
| 58% (32/55): Dry eye | ||||||
| Yang et al., 2020[34] | 5.5 (range: 1-30) | 21/32 (65%) of eyes ≥20/40 | Trichiasis, lid margin keratinization, lid entropion, LSCD, distichiasis, dry eye | 36±35 months | ||
| Shanbhag et al., 2019[27] | 66% within 7 days | 92% in AMT group BCVA ≥20/40 | 17% in AMT group | 2.6 years | ||
| Ahmad et al., 2017[35] | 2-14 days | 86.9% SJS >20/40 | 7% | NA | ||
| Agrawal and Pratap, 2015[36] | NA | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Ma et al., 2015[37] | NA | All ≥20/40 | Formation of symblephara to be less | 2-24 months | ||
| Kim et al., 2013[38] | NA | Mean logMAR significantly improved in adult and pediatric group | A significant improvement in adult group | NA | ||
| Hsu et al., 2012[8] | Within 2 weeks | Poor outcomes: 7.1% in early AMT group: 38.9% in MT group | Moderate and severe group | Early AMT: 13.6 months | ||
| No AMT: 41.7 months | ||||||
| Shammas et al., 2010[39] | 4-12 days | 4 patients >20/40 | 5 patients | Mean 7.7 months | ||
| Shay et al., 2009[2] | Within 3 days to 2 weeks | All ≥20/40 | No LSCD, 2/12 symblepharon, 6/12 corneal peripheral vascularization | 9 (4-36) months | ||
| Nassim et al., 2021[31] | 8 days | NA | Intermittent presence of mucus on the ocular surface | NA | ||
| Elhusseiny et al., 2021[40] | 5 days | NA | No signs of ocular sequelae | NA | ||
| Baş and Uçakhan Gündüz, 2019[41] | 3 days | NA | No signs of ocular sequelae | 2 years | ||
| Cheung et al., 2016[42] | 8 days | 20/20 OD 20/25 OS | Mild symblephara/MGD | 4 months | ||
| Pruet et al., 2014[30] | 5 days | 20/20 OU | Mild symblephara | 2 months | ||
| Muqit et al., 2007[29] | NA | NA | No signs of ocular sequelae | 6 months | ||
SD=Standard deviation, BCVA=Best-corrected visual acuity, AMT=Amniotic membrane transplantation, RCT=Randomized control trial, NA=Not applicated, PS=Prospective study, RS=Retrospective study, MGD=Meibomian gland disease, LSCD=Limbal stem cell deficiency, SJS=Stevens-Johnson syndrome, AM=Amniotic membrane, MT=Membrane transplantation, OD= Right eye, OS= Left eye, OU= Both eyes