Figure 2.

MR analysis results indicated the causal linkage between dimensions of psychologic wellbeing and kidney function. The summary statistics for eGFR and CKD outcomes were introduced from the CKDGen GWAS meta-analysis. The effect sizes in the summary-level MR were from the genetic predisposition to a z score in the previous model-averaging genome-wide association meta-analysis setting phenotype variance to 1. The presented causal estimates from the summary-level MR analysis are from multiplicative random-effect inverse variance weighted method. The effect sizes of the allele score–based MR was similarly scaled to sum of the betas with the unit of a z score in the previous model-averaging genome-wide association meta-analysis setting phenotype variance to 1. The allele score–based MR analysis results are from the covariate-adjusted logistic regression model including age, sex, the first 10 genetic principal components, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, income grade, and number of household members. The unit of the eGFR outcome was % change, calculated from the log-transformed eGFR values. Cr, creatinine; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.