FIGURE 6.

Ivabradine reduces JNK and p38 MAPK activation and inhibits diabetes-induced CF proliferation and activation in vivo (A) Left ventricular fibroblasts isolated from mice treated with ivabradine at the indicated dose. JNK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation and total JNK and p38 MAPK expression were determined by western blotting (B) In CFs from mice treated as described in (A), the expression of PCNA and α-SMA was determined by western blotting (C and D) In left ventricular fibroblasts isolated from mice treated with zatebradine at the indicated dose the expression of the proteins listed in (A) and (B) was measured by western blotting. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). p-values were calculated using one-way ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparison test. *p < 0.05, compared to the Control group; ^# p < 0.05, compared to the db/db mice group.