Table 1.

Comparison of Ho: YAG and TFL lasers

Parameter	Ho: YAG Low Power	Ho: YAG Medium Power	Ho: YAG High Power	Ho: YAG High Power (Moses)	TFL Superpulse
Wavelength		2,120			1,940
Light source		Flash lamp			Diode laser
Active Medium		Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Crystal			Thulium Fiber Crystal
Doping		Chromium Thulium Holmium Metals			Thulium Metals
Laser Cavity	1		➢1		1
Beam		Multimode 3–5 mm			Single mode 18 μm
Electrical efficiency		Low (<1%)			High (>5%)
Electrical requirements		220 V outlet			110 V outlet
Cooling system		Water cooling			Air cooling
Sensitivity to vibration		High			Low
Mode of emission		Pulsed			Pulsed
Maximum Power Output	20 W	30–60 W	80–100 W	120 W	50 W
Pulse energy (J)	0.2–1.2	0.2–1.2	0.2–6	0.2–6	0.025–6
Pulse frequency (Hz)	5–15	5–25	5–50	5–80	1–2000
Pulse width (μs)	350	350–13001	350–1300	350–1300	200–1200
Mechanism of action - Effect		Photothermal			Photothermal Photomechanical
Penetration		0.4 mm			0.4 mm
Optical fiber		Low-OH Silica			Low-OH Silica
Core laser fiber size (μm)		>200			>50

¹May not be available

Ho: YAG: Holmium: Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet: TFL: Thulium fiber laser;