Figure 8.

Lipoylation of mitochondrial proteins depends on GRXS15. Distribution of Fe–S clusters in Arabidopsis mitochondria to Fe–S proteins and lipoylation of proteins via mLIP1. Putative transfer of Fe–S clusters is indicated by solid arrows for [2Fe–2S] and dashed arrows for [4Fe–4S]. Intermediate complexes of Fe–S transfer and assembly of [4Fe–4S] clusters are not shown. mFDX1/2: mitochondrial ferredoxin 1/2; ACO2/3: aconitase 2/3; BIO2: biotin synthase 2; I, II, and III represent complexes I (2 [2Fe–2S], 6 [4Fe–4S]), II (1 [2Fe–2S], 1 [3Fe–4S], 1 [4Fe–4S]), and III (1 [2Fe–2S]) of the mETC; E2 and H are the lipoylated subunits of the four dehydrogenase complexes PDC, GDC, OGDC, and BCKDC. Numbers indicate the estimated copy number of the respective proteins or protein complexes (copy number of Fe–S coordinating subunits in the mETC are listed in Supplemental Table S2) according to Fuchs et al. (2020) which is based on mito from a heterotrophic Arabidopsis cell culture.