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. 2021 Jun 28;2021:6616120. doi: 10.1155/2021/6616120

Table 4.

Subgroup analysis of the associations between BMI category and 365-day all-cause mortality.

No. of patients BMI (kg/m2) P for interaction
<18.5 ≥18.5, <25 ≥25, <30 ≥30
CHF 0.9671
 No 12653 1.44 (1.21, 1.73) 1.0 (ref) 0.74 (0.68, 0.81) 0.73 (0.67, 0.79)
 Yes 2521 1.15 (0.85, 1.57) 1.0 (ref) 0.87 (0.75, 0.99) 0.69 (0.60, 0.80)
Cardiac arrhythmias 0.1640
 No 12477 1.47 (1.23, 1.76) 1.0 (ref) 0.74 (0.68, 0.81) 0.72 (0.66, 0.79)
 Yes 2697 1.18 (0.85, 1.62) 1.0 (ref) 0.85 (0.75, 0.97) 0.71 (0.62, 0.81)
Valvular disease 0.2122
 No 14310 1.48 (1.26, 1.73) 1.0 (ref) 0.77 (0.71, 0.83) 0.74 (0.68, 0.80)
 Yes 864 0.61 (0.33, 1.13) 1.0 (ref) 0.87 (0.68, 1.10) 0.71 (0.55, 0.91)
Hypertension 0.3760
 No 12731 1.39 (1.17, 1.65) 1.0 (ref) 0.74 (0.68, 0.81) 0.73 (0.67, 0.80)
 Yes 2443 1.36 (0.95, 1.95) 1.0 (ref) 0.83 (0.71, 0.96) 0.70 (0.59, 0.82)
Uncomplicated diabetes 0.4680
 No 11712 1.37 (1.16, 1.62) 1.0 (ref) 0.78 (0.72, 0.85) 0.77 (0.71, 0.84)
 Yes 3462 1.45 (0.94, 2.23) 1.0 (ref) 0.68 (0.58, 0.80) 0.61 (0.52, 0.71)
Complicated diabetes 0.5448
 No 13878 1.34 (1.14, 1.58) 1.0 (ref) 0.75 (0.70, 0.81) 0.73 (0.67, 0.78)
 Yes 1296 1.93 (1.13, 3.27) 1.0 (ref) 0.86 (0.67, 1.10) 0.74 (0.58, 0.94)
Metastatic cancer 0.1714
 No 14659 1.40 (1.19, 1.64) 1.0 (ref) 0.76 (0.70, 0.82) 0.74 (0.69, 0.80)
 Yes 515 0.87 (0.51, 1.48) 1.0 (ref) 0.82 (0.64, 1.04) 0.82 (0.62, 1.07)
Coagulopathy 0.1361
 No 12943 1.38 (1.16, 1.65) 1.0 (ref) 0.74 (0.68, 0.81) 0.69 (0.63, 0.75)
 Yes 2231 1.32 (0.95, 1.83) 1.0 (ref) 0.88 (0.75, 1.03) 0.97 (0.83, 1.13)
Renal disease 0.1568
 No 12242 1.39 (1.16, 1.67) 1.0 (ref) 0.74 (0.68, 0.81) 0.74 (0.68, 0.81)
 Yes 2932 1.26 (0.92, 1.72) 1.0 (ref) 0.82 (0.72, 0.94) 0.68 (0.59, 0.78)
Liver disease 0.0794
 No 14034 1.40 (1.19, 1.65) 1.0 (ref) 0.76 (0.70, 0.82) 0.71 (0.66, 0.77)
 Yes 1140 1.07 (0.61, 1.90) 1.0 (ref) 0.89 (0.70, 1.12) 0.92 (0.74, 1.16)
Alcohol abuse 0.1953
 No 14258 1.36 (1.16, 1.59) 1.0 (ref) 0.75 (0.70, 0.81) 0.71 (0.66, 0.77)
 Yes 916 1.70 (0.74, 3.95) 1.0 (ref) 0.99 (0.71, 1.38) 1.18 (0.86, 1.63)
Drug abuse 0.2702
 No 14742 1.39 (1.19, 1.63) 1.0 (ref) 0.77 (0.71, 0.82) 0.73 (0.67, 0.78)
 Yes 432 0.60 (0.14, 2.51) 1.0 (ref) 0.56 (0.33, 0.94) 0.80 (0.49, 1.31)
Heart rate (beats/minute) 0.0775
 <85 7600 1.21 (0.95, 1.53) 1.0 (ref) 0.71 (0.64, 0.79) 0.73 (0.65, 0.81)
 ≥85 7548 1.52 (1.24, 1.87) 1.0 (ref) 0.82 (0.74, 0.91) 0.74 (0.67, 0.82)
SBP (mmHg) 0.0074
 <114 7585 1.22 (0.98, 1.51) 1.0 (ref) 0.81 (0.74, 0.90) 0.78 (0.71, 0.86)
 ≥114 7551 1.56 (1.25, 1.95) 1.0 (ref) 0.70 (0.62, 0.78) 0.67 (0.60, 0.75)
DBP (mmHg) 0.2996
 <58 7595 1.27 (1.02, 1.58) 1.0 (ref) 0.82 (0.74, 0.90) 0.79 (0.71, 0.87)
 ≥58 7540 1.48 (1.19, 1.84) 1.0 (ref) 0.70 (0.62, 0.78) 0.67 (0.60, 0.74)
MBP (mmHg) 0.0019
 <75 7591 1.27 (1.02, 1.58) 1.0 (ref) 0.82 (0.74, 0.90) 0.78 (0.71, 0.87)
 ≥75 7557 1.49 (1.19, 1.85) 1.0 (ref) 0.70 (0.63, 0.78) 0.67 (0.60, 0.75)
Respiratory rate (beats/minute) 0.0546
 <18 7607 1.41 (1.10, 1.80) 1.0 (ref) 0.71 (0.63, 0.79) 0.73 (0.65, 0.82)
 ≥19 7531 1.32 (1.08, 1.61) 1.0 (ref) 0.80 (0.73, 0.88) 0.69 (0.63, 0.76)
Temperature (°C) 0.0173
 <36.8 7315 1.27 (1.04, 1.54) 1.0 (ref) 0.76 (0.69, 0.84) 0.77 (0.70, 0.85)
 ≥36.8 7326 1.56 (1.20, 2.02) 1.0 (ref) 0.78 (0.70, 0.88) 0.71 (0.63, 0.80)
SPO2 0.1292
 <98 7547 1.24 (0.98, 1.56) 1.0 (ref) 0.71 (0.64, 0.78) 0.63 (0.57, 0.69)
 ≥98 7599 1.54 (1.25, 1.90) 1.0 (ref) 0.80 (0.72, 0.89) 0.80 (0.71, 0.90)
Anion gap (mmol/L) 0.2197
 <13 7128 1.62 (1.28, 2.04) 1.0 (ref) 0.68 (0.61, 0.77) 0.69 (0.61, 0.79)
 ≥13 7551 1.27 (1.02, 1.57) 1.0 (ref) 0.81 (0.74, 0.89) 0.72 (0.66, 0.79)
Bicarbonate (mg/dL) 0.0121
 <22 6609 1.20 (0.97, 1.49) 1.0 (ref) 0.82 (0.74, 0.90) 0.82 (0.74, 0.91)
 ≥22 8470 1.58 (1.26, 1.98) 1.0 (ref) 0.71 (0.64, 0.79) 0.67 (0.60, 0.74)
Creatinine (mEq/L) 0.4265
 <1.0 6950 1.68 (1.32, 2.14) 1.0 (ref) 0.72 (0.64, 0.82) 0.65 (0.56, 0.74)
 ≥1.0 8188 1.21 (0.99, 1.48) 1.0 (ref) 0.74 (0.68, 0.81) 0.67 (0.61, 0.73)
BUN (mg/dL) 0.6121
 <20 7467 1.83 (1.41, 2.36) 1.0 (ref) 0.71 (0.62, 0.81) 0.64 (0.56, 0.74)
 ≥20 7669 1.13 (0.93, 1.38) 1.0 (ref) 0.78 (0.71, 0.85) 0.70 (0.64, 0.76)
WBC (109/L) 0.8296
 <9.6 7477 1.35 (1.09, 1.68) 1.0 (ref) 0.74 (0.67, 0.82) 0.74 (0.66, 0.82)
 ≥9.6 7587 1.43 (1.14, 1.79) 1.0 (ref) 0.77 (0.70, 0.86) 0.71 (0.65, 0.79)
Hematocrit 0.1928
 <27.8 7577 1.57 (1.26, 1.94) 1.0 (ref) 0.79 (0.71, 0.87) 0.79 (0.71, 0.88)
 ≥27.8 7562 1.19 (0.95, 1.49) 1.0 (ref) 0.74 (0.66, 0.81) 0.67 (0.61, 0.74)
Hemoglobin (g/dL) 0.1746
 <9.4 7558 1.51 (1.23, 1.86) 1.0 (ref) 0.78 (0.70, 0.86) 0.77 (0.69, 0.85)
 ≥9.4 7565 1.21 (0.95, 1.52) 1.0 (ref) 0.75 (0.67, 0.83) 0.69 (0.62, 0.77)
Platelet (109/L) 0.0041
 <169 7599 1.35 (1.06, 1.71) 1.0 (ref) 0.73 (0.66, 0.81) 0.80 (0.72, 0.88)
 ≥169 7497 1.41 (1.14, 1.73) 1.0 (ref) 0.80 (0.72, 0.89) 0.67 (0.60, 0.75)
Potassium (mmol/L) 0.0005
 <3.7 6825 1.45 (1.15, 1.84) 1.0 (ref) 0.79 (0.70, 0.88) 0.85 (0.76, 0.95)
 ≥3.7 8322 1.32 (1.07, 1.63) 1.0 (ref) 0.74 (0.67, 0.81) 0.64 (0.58, 0.70)
Sodium (mmol/L) 0.0100
 <136 6723 1.32 (1.04, 1.67) 1.0 (ref) 0.82 (0.74, 0.91) 0.78 (0.70, 0.88)
 ≥136 8422 1.40 (1.14, 1.72) 1.0 (ref) 0.72 (0.65, 0.79) 0.69 (0.62, 0.76)
Chloride (mmol/L) 0.2410
 <103 7245 1.29 (1.05, 1.59) 1.0 (ref) 0.80 (0.73, 0.88) 0.70 (0.64, 0.78)
 ≥103 7857 1.43 (1.13, 1.81) 1.0 (ref) 0.75 (0.67, 0.83) 0.76 (0.68, 0.85)
PT (seconds) 0.3228
 <13.9 6958 1.41 (1.11, 1.80) 1.0 (ref) 0.71 (0.64, 0.80) 0.62 (0.55, 0.71)
 ≥13.9 7255 1.30 (1.04, 1.63) 1.0 (ref) 0.79 (0.71, 0.87) 0.79 (0.72, 0.87)
APTT (seconds) 0.2013
 <30 7046 1.35 (1.04, 1.74) 1.0 (ref) 0.76 (0.68, 0.85) 0.67 (0.60, 0.76)
 ≥30 7144 1.36 (1.10, 1.68) 1.0 (ref) 0.76 (0.69, 0.84) 0.83 (0.75, 0.92)
INR 0.1598
 <1.2 4638 1.36 (1.03, 1.81) 1.0 (ref) 0.67 (0.58, 0.77) 0.58 (0.49, 0.67)
 ≥1.2 9576 1.36 (1.12, 1.67) 1.0 (ref) 0.79 (0.73, 0.86) 0.78 (0.72, 0.86)
Lactate (mmol/L) 0.0008
 <1.4 4791 1.58 (1.19, 2.11) 1.0 (ref) 0.71 (0.62, 0.81) 0.62 (0.53, 0.71)
 ≥1.4 5768 1.26 (1.00, 1.58) 1.0 (ref) 0.87 (0.78, 0.97) 0.84 (0.75, 0.93)
Glucose (mg/dL) 0.4116
 <132 7567 1.49 (1.22, 1.84) 1.0 (ref) 0.68 (0.61, 0.76) 0.70 (0.62, 0.78)
 ≥132 7553 1.25 (0.99, 1.59) 1.0 (ref) 0.81 (0.74, 0.90) 0.72 (0.65, 0.79)
SOFA score 0.5211
 <5 6918 1.49 (1.18, 1.89) 1.0 (ref) 0.78 (0.69, 0.88) 0.61 (0.54, 0.70)
 ≥5 8256 1.34 (1.09, 1.64) 1.0 (ref) 0.74 (0.68, 0.81) 0.75 (0.69, 0.82)
SAPSII score 0.0768
 <37 7070 1.75 (1.30, 2.35) 1.0 (ref) 0.72 (0.62, 0.83) 0.67 (0.58, 0.77)
 ≥37 8104 1.22 (1.02, 1.47) 1.0 (ref) 0.79 (0.73, 0.86) 0.77 (0.70, 0.84)

CHF: congestive heart failure; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; MBP: mean blood pressure; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; WBC: white blood cell; PT: prothrombin time; APTT: activated partial thromboplastin time; INR: international normalized ratio; SOFA: sequential organ failure assessment; SAPSII: simplified acute physiology score II. HRs (95 CIs) were derived from the Cox proportional hazards regression models.