Table 2.
Tumor characteristics (n = 862 patients)
| Immediate DIEP n (%) |
Delayed DIEP n (%) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total number of patients | 326 | 536 | |
| Total number of DIEP flaps | 347 | 572 | |
| Histological type (WHO classification)a | |||
| DCIS | 73 (22.4) | 57 (10.6) | < 0.001 |
| LCIS | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | |
| Invasive | 115 (35.3) | 229 (42.7) | |
| Invasive and DCIS | 126 (38.7) | 215 (40.1) | |
| Other | 11 (3.4) | 22 (4.1) | |
| Missing | 0 (0) | 13 (2.4) | |
| Bloom Richardson grade | |||
| NA | 2 (0.6) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
| 1 | 50 (15.3) | 80 (14.9) | |
| 2 | 128 (39.3) | 206 (38.4) | |
| 3 | 122 (37.4) | 156 (29.1) | |
| Missing | 24 (7.4) | 94 (17.5) | |
| Axillary treatment | |||
| No treatment | 13 (4.0) | 11 (2.1) | < 0.001 |
| SLN | 252 (77.3) | 236 (44.0) | |
| ALND | 30 (9.2) | 159 (29.7) | |
| SLN + ALND | 29 (8.9) | 116 (21.6) | |
| Missing | 2 (0.6) | 14 (2.6) | |
| Tumor stageb | |||
| 0 | 12 (3.7) | 28 (5.2) | < 0.001 |
| Tis | 80 (24.5) | 50 (9.3) | |
| 1 | 132 (40.5) | 167 (31.2) | |
| 2 | 77 (23.6) | 183 (34.1) | |
| 3 | 7 (2.1) | 47 (8.8) | |
| 4 | 1 (0.3) | 11 (2.1) | |
| Missing | 17 (5.2) | 50 (9.3) | |
| Y | |||
| Yes | 54 (16.6) | 140 (26.1) | < 0.001 |
| No | 272 (83.4) | 396 (73.9) | |
| Lymph Node stageb | |||
| 0 | 241 (73.9) | 274 (51.1) | < 0.001 |
| 1 | 65 (19.9) | 170 (31.7) | |
| 2 | 6 (1.8) | 54 (10.1) | |
| 3 | 1 (0.3) | 16 (3.0) | |
| Missing | 13 (4.0) | 22 (4.1) | |
| ER status | |||
| NA | 68 (20.9) | 51 (9.5) | < 0.001 |
| Positive | 195 (59.8) | 336 (62.7) | |
| Negative | 59 (18.1) | 96 (17.9) | |
| Missing | 4 (1.2) | 53 (9.9) | |
| PR status | |||
| NA | 68 (20.9) | 51 (9.5) | < 0.001 |
| Positive | 154 (47.2) | 273 (50.9) | |
| Negative | 96 (29.4) | 156 (29.1) | |
| Missing | 8 (2.5) | 56 (10.4) | |
| HER2 status | |||
| NA | 68 (20.9) | 51 (9.5) | < 0.001 |
| Amplified | 53 (16.3) | 87 (16.2) | |
| Not amplified | 186 (57.1) | 319 (59.5) | |
| Missing | 19 (5.8) | 79 (14.7) |
DCIS ductal carcinoma in situ; LCIS lobular carcinoma in situ; NA not applicable; SLN sentinel lymph node; ALND axillary lymph node dissection; y neoadjuvant therapy before mastectomy; ER estrogen receptor; PR progesterone receptor; HER2 human epidermal growth factor receptor
aHistopathological primary tumor stage before receiving any therapy
bThe initial pathology stage mentioned in the pathology record