Table 1.

Risk factors for increased susceptibility to AKI in the elderly

Risk Factor	Summary	References
Comorbidities	CKD prevalence is highest in the elderly, ranging between 38–44%	[24, 25]
Age-related hemodynamic changes	There is progressive increase in blood pressure with aging	[26–33]
Medications	Nephrotoxins account for a large percentage of AKI cases in the elderly	[34–40]
Intrinsic kidney changes with aging	Glomerulosclerosis: one of the main histological changes driving CKD progression	[43–47]
	Tubular atrophy: decreased sodium reabsorption and urine concentrating capacity increases the risk of AKI	[48–55]
	Reduced GFR: secondary to reduced plasma flow and histological changes	[56–61]