. 2021 May 14;5(7):e10508. doi: 10.1002/jbm4.10508

Table 3.

Comparison of pQCT Tibia Bone Parameters of 20‐Week‐Old Male Mice With or Without Early‐Life PA and With or Without a HFD in Adult Male Mice

Parameters	No PA/Con/Con	PA/Con/Con	No PA/HF/Con	PA/HF/Con	p Value Diet	p Value PA	p Value Interaction
Body weight (g)	31.2±0.9	30.4±0.4	31.7±1.1	33.8±0.7	0.36	0.26	0.61
Tibial length (mm)	19.67±0.63	20.00±0.79	20.33±0.86	20.08±0.5	0.41	0.23	0.57
Bone area (mm ₂ )	4.67±0.12	4.73±0.19	4.19±0.18 ^a	4.36±0.14	0.59	0.03	0.55
Trabecula area (mm ² )	2.10±0.05	2.14±0.08	1.89±0.08 ^a	1.96±0.06	0.01	0.46	0.75
Cortical area (mm ² )	0.80±0.03	0.88±0.03	0.75±0.02	0.85±0.02	0.77	0.003	0.62
Cortical thickness (mm)	0.11±0.005	0.12±0.007	0.11±0.005	0.12±0.003	0.77	0.049	0.91
Periosteal circumference (mm)	7.65±0.10	7.69±0.15	7.23±0.16 ^a	7.38±0.13	0.01	0.49	0.69
Endosteal circumference (mm)	6.95±0.12	6.92±0.19	6.54±0.18 ^a	6.58±0.16 ^a	0.03	0.97	0.81
Total BMC (mg)	2.12±0.04	2.20±0.05	1.87±0.06 ^a	2.05±0.05	0.0006	0.01	0.31
Cortical BMC (mg)	0.71±0.03	0.78±0.04	0.67±0.03	0.75±0.02	0.23	0.01	0.87
Trabecula BMC (mg)	0.61±0.01	0.64±0.02	0.50±0.03 ^a	0.49±0.03 ^a	0.001	0.008	0.23
Total BMD (mg/mm ³ )	457.0±6.3	468.5±7.7	449.0±5.3	448.9±8.0	0.58	0.03	0.55
Cortical BMD (mg/mm ³ )	881.7±6.3	888.8±8.8	889.6±7.9	881.7±7.4	0.96	0.96	0.33
Trabecula BMD (mg/mm ³ )	286.9±4.0	300.3±6.2	261.6±5.0 ^a	259.6±11.3 ^a	0.08	0.002	0.10

Note. Data were expressed as mean ± SD (n = 6 per group). p Value was determined by analyzing the data using two‐way ANOVA with a HFD and early‐life PA as the main factors and their interactions. a p < 0.05 by t test compared with NoPA/Con/Con.

Abbreviations: Con, control; HFD, high‐fat diet; PA, physical activity.