Table A.1.
Distribution of studies used, type and proportion of bacterial species isolated and tested along sample source.
| Sample source | No. of studies | Bacterial isolate | Sample size | No. of Positive (%) | No. test | No. resistant | No. of data points |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food handler | 10 | E. coli | 693 | 29(4.2) | 285 | 115 | 19 |
| Salmonella spp. | 2493 | 148(5.9) | 734 | 318 | 67 | ||
| Salmonella para typhi | 233 | 1(0.4) | 9 | 2 | 9 | ||
| Salmonella typhi | 233 | 2(0.9) | 18 | 3 | 9 | ||
| Shigella spp. | 1166 | 84(7.2) | 426 | 149 | 35 | ||
| Staphylococus spp. | 218 | 13(6) | 117 | 41 | 9 | ||
| Staphylococus aureus | 371 | 108(29.1) | 1364 | 300 | 23 | ||
| Campylobacter jejuni | 164 | 15(9.1) | 90 | 18 | 6 | ||
| Campylobacter coli | 164 | 1(0.6) | 6 | 1 | 6 | ||
| Animals | 28 | E. coli | 904 | 134(14.8) | 1350 | 348 | 46 |
| Salmonella spp. | 2958 | 285(9.6) | 3176 | 1020 | 190 | ||
| Salmonella typhimurium | 2112 | 14(0.7) | 257 | 35 | 43 | ||
| Salmonella dublin | 1929 | 13(0.7) | 207 | 48 | 30 | ||
| Salmonella virchow | 1563 | 9(0.6) | 202 | 44 | 63 | ||
| Salmonella saintpaul | 2838 | 32(1.1) | 494 | 140 | 61 | ||
| Salmonella braenderup | 1086 | 3(0.3) | 50 | 14 | 33 | ||
| Salmonella haifa | 1635 | 5(0.3) | 82 | 29 | 49 | ||
| Salmonella kottbus | 726 | 1(0.1) | 17 | 6 | 17 | ||
| Salmonella kentucky | 2838 | 12(0.4) | 178 | 89 | 62 | ||
| Salmonella mikawasima | 1929 | 2(0.1) | 30 | 7 | 30 | ||
| Salmonella indiana | 360 | 4(1.1) | 64 | 14 | 16 | ||
| Salmonella chailey | 360 | 1(0.3) | 16 | 6 | 16 | ||
| Salmonella anatum | 360 | 2(0.6) | 32 | 6 | 16 | ||
| Salmonella minnesota | 360 | 1(0.3) | 16 | 2 | 16 | ||
| Salmonella muenchen | 360 | 1(0.3) | 16 | 1 | 16 | ||
| Salmonella tarshyne | 360 | 1(0.3) | 16 | 1 | 16 | ||
| Salmonella livingstoneVar.14+ | 1203 | 1(0.1) | 13 | 1 | 13 | ||
| Salmonella aberdeen | 1203 | 1(0.1) | 13 | 1 | 13 | ||
| Salmonella bronx | 360 | 7(1.9) | 112 | 18 | 16 | ||
| Salmonella newport | 360 | 6(1.7) | 96 | 28 | 16 | ||
| Salmonella enterica subsp.enterica | 150 | 4(2.7) | 14 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Staphylococus aureus | 481 | 43(8.9) | 407 | 154 | 39 | ||
| Staphylococus spp. | 70 | 14(20) | 154 | 24 | 11 | ||
| Campylobacter jejuni | 1140 | 411(36.1) | 4920 | 1644 | 44 | ||
| Campylobacter coli | 780 | 90(11.5) | 903 | 118 | 27 | ||
| Campylobacter lari | 192 | 6(3.1) | 69 | 30 | 4 | ||
| B. anthracis | 70 | 2(2.9) | 22 | 1 | 11 | ||
| Mannheimia/Pasteurella haemolytica | 1099 | 133(12.1) | 1126 | 558 | 60 | ||
| Pasteurella multocida | 789 | 30(3.8) | 142 | 65 | 14 | ||
| Bibersteinia trehalosi | 149 | 7(4.7) | 49 | 20 | 7 | ||
| Streptococcus spp. | 70 | 2(2.9) | 22 | 1 | 11 | ||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 70 | 1(1.4) | 11 | 10 | 11 | ||
| Listeria monocytogenes | 70 | 3(4.3) | 33 | 2 | 11 | ||
| Listeria spp. | 70 | 2(2.9) | 22 | 1 | 11 | ||
| Food (Milk) | 53 | Staphylococus aureus | 10,719 | 1998(18.6) | 21,100 | 7052 | 379 |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | 1877 | 57(3) | 485 | 118 | 35 | ||
| Staphylococcus haemolyticus | 383 | 1(0.3) | 2 | 2 | 2 | ||
| Staphylococcus hyicus | 18 | 1(5.6) | 5 | 1 | 5 | ||
| Staphylococcus intermedius | 704 | 11(1.6) | 58 | 8 | 16 | ||
| Staphylococcus lentus | 383 | 2(0.5) | 4 | 2 | 2 | ||
| Staphylococcus xylosus | 383 | 4(1) | 8 | 6 | 2 | ||
| Staphylococcus sciuri | 383 | 3(0.8) | 6 | 2 | 2 | ||
| Staphylococus spp. | 1182 | 50(4.2) | 325 | 211 | 41 | ||
| CNS | 643 | 75(11.7) | 649 | 287 | 23 | ||
| MRSA | 384 | 110(28.6) | 1100 | 498 | 10 | ||
| E. coli | 5967 | 511(8.6) | 4938 | 1515 | 161 | ||
| Non-Coliform | 60 | 5(8.3) | 35 | 13 | 7 | ||
| Other Coliform | 60 | 4(6.7) | 28 | 13 | 7 | ||
| Streptococcus agalactiae | 1027 | 56(5.5) | 468 | 246 | 30 | ||
| Streptococcus dysgalactiae | 1009 | 28(2.8) | 238 | 108 | 25 | ||
| Streptococcus uberis | 1009 | 22(2.2) | 188 | 83 | 25 | ||
| Streptococcus spp. | 60 | 4(6.7) | 28 | 12 | 7 | ||
| Salmonella spp. | 2791 | 168(6) | 1570 | 548 | 94 | ||
| Listeria spp. | 407 | 85(20.9) | 324 | 32 | 9 | ||
| Enterobacter spp. | 303 | 4(1.3) | 36 | 6 | 9 | ||
| Klebsiella spp. | 303 | 6(2) | 54 | 14 | 9 | ||
| Micrococcus spp. | 321 | 9(2.8) | 55 | 16 | 14 | ||
| Enterococcus spp. | 18 | 1(5.6) | 5 | 0 | 5 | ||
| Proteus spp. | 120 | 9(7.5) | 63 | 12 | 7 | ||
| Shigella spp. | 120 | 21(17.5) | 147 | 25 | 7 | ||
| Food (Meat) | 37 | Salmonella spp. | 2131 | 252(11.8) | 3625 | 1051 | 102 |
| Salmonella Kastrup | 237 | 3(1.3) | 35 | 2 | 8 | ||
| Salmonella Larochelle | 237 | 11(4.6) | 84 | 9 | 6 | ||
| Salmonella enterica subsp.enterica | 150 | 2(1.3) | 70 | 0 | 5 | ||
| non-typhoidal Salmonella | 300 | 17(5.7) | 170 | 61 | 10 | ||
| Salmonella typhimurium | 209 | 2(1) | 36 | 0 | 18 | ||
| Salmonella bovismorbificans | 209 | 4(1.9) | 72 | 0 | 18 | ||
| Salmonella braenderup | 209 | 2(1) | 36 | 15 | 18 | ||
| Salmonella livingstone | 209 | 1(0.5) | 18 | 0 | 18 | ||
| Salmonella hadar | 209 | 1(0.5) | 18 | 13 | 18 | ||
| Salmonella blockley | 209 | 1(0.5) | 18 | 13 | 18 | ||
| Salmonella dublin | 288 | 13(4.5) | 169 | 42 | 26 | ||
| E. coli | 7012 | 389(5.5) | 4188 | 1714 | 250 | ||
| Staphylococus aureus | 1758 | 398(22.6) | 3053 | 1107 | 96 | ||
| Staphylococus spp. | 193 | 92(47.7) | 645 | 258 | 15 | ||
| Staphylococcus intermedius | 181 | 6(3.3) | 165 | 10 | 15 | ||
| Staphylococcus hyicus | 181 | 24(13.3) | 143 | 75 | 13 | ||
| CNS | 181 | 24(13.3) | 165 | 37 | 15 | ||
| Campylobacter jejuni | 1240 | 110(8.9) | 710 | 114 | 26 | ||
| Campylobacter coli | 1240 | 104(8.4) | 178 | 35 | 26 | ||
| Campylobacter lari | 860 | 53(6.2) | 54 | 17 | 21 | ||
| Listeria monocytogenes | 873 | 36(4.1) | 468 | 76 | 13 | ||
| Shigella spp. | 306 | 32(10.5) | 256 | 60 | 8 | ||
| Food (Egg) | 4 | Salmonella spp. | 1127 | 180(16) | 1934 | 853 | 43 |
| Staphylococus aureus | 385 | 96(24.9) | 1056 | 322 | 11 | ||
| E. coli | 385 | 116(30.1) | 1276 | 696 | 11 | ||
| Food (non-animal origin) | 10 | E. coli | 888 | 216(24.3) | 2340 | 607 | 67 |
| Salmonella spp. | 596 | 121(20.3) | 1181 | 328 | 63 | ||
| Staphylococus aureus | 1198 | 181(15.1) | 1818 | 491 | 56 | ||
| Citobacter Spp. | 72 | 9(12.5) | 153 | 11 | 17 | ||
| Enterobacter spp. | 72 | 21(29.2) | 85 | 5 | 17 | ||
| Klebsiella spp. | 572 | 87(15.2) | 999 | 145 | 28 | ||
| Proteus spp. | 72 | 7(9.7) | 85 | 7 | 17 | ||
| Listeria monocytogenes | 384 | 24(6.3) | 240 | 41 | 10 | ||
| Shigella spp. | 540 | 34(6.3) | 350 | 40 | 19 | ||
| Environment | 10 | Acinetobacter spp. | 494 | 13(2.6) | 167 | 87 | 32 |
| Bacillus spp. | 344 | 51(14.8) | 714 | 357 | 14 | ||
| Citobacter Spp. | 839 | 90(10.7) | 666 | 293 | 54 | ||
| Citrobacter diversus | 150 | 9(6) | 99 | 19 | 11 | ||
| CNS | 525 | 110(21) | 1253 | 570 | 27 | ||
| E. coli | 2813 | 427(15.2) | 1871 | 675 | 122 | ||
| Enterobacter aerogenes | 174 | 7(4) | 81 | 28 | 23 | ||
| Enterobacter cloacae | 174 | 24(13.8) | 270 | 111 | 23 | ||
| Enterobacter spp. | 525 | 44(8.4) | 503 | 178 | 23 | ||
| Enterococcus spp. | 344 | 14(4.1) | 196 | 38 | 14 | ||
| Klebsiella oxytoca | 114 | 20(17.5) | 359 | 95 | 31 | ||
| Klebsiella ozaenae | 150 | 4(2.7) | 44 | 18 | 11 | ||
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 445 | 69(15.5) | 943 | 207 | 56 | ||
| Klebsiella spp. | 525 | 28(5.3) | 301 | 150 | 23 | ||
| Proteus spp. | 525 | 5(1) | 56 | 25 | 23 | ||
| Providencia spp. | 675 | 51(7.6) | 562 | 211 | 34 | ||
| Providencia stuartii | 150 | 8(5.3) | 88 | 29 | 11 | ||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 634 | 41(6.5) | 142 | 94 | 29 | ||
| Pseudomonas mirabilis | 140 | 35(25) | 40 | 21 | 8 | ||
| Salmonella saintpaul | 668 | 28(4.2) | 196 | 26 | 7 | ||
| Salmonella spp. | 1405 | 28(2) | 400 | 139 | 42 | ||
| Serratia spp. | 675 | 20(3) | 232 | 22 | 32 | ||
| Shigella dysenteriae | 150 | 13(8.7) | 143 | 38 | 11 | ||
| Shigella spp. | 1381 | 15(1.1) | 203 | 65 | 30 | ||
| Staphylococcus aureus | 2175 | 144(6.6) | 1773 | 690 | 69 | ||
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | 150 | 5(3.3) | 75 | 20 | 15 | ||
| Staphylococcus saprophyticus | 150 | 2(1.3) | 30 | 6 | 15 | ||
| Streptococcus pyogenes | 150 | 4(2.7) | 214 | 17 | 29 | ||
| Total | 108,930 | 8907 | 86,813 | 4097 |