Table 3.
Longitudinal Models of the Association between Biomarker Levels and Randomized Treatment Assignment
| Biomarker | Percent change in biomarker level | 95% | CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| S100B | ||||
| Interaction between time and treatment | 0.3228 | |||
| 24 h vs. baseline | ||||
| Progesterone | –81.7 | –83.5 | –79.7 | <0.0001 |
| Placebo | –79.6 | –81.6 | –77.4 | <0.0001 |
| 48 h vs. baseline | ||||
| Progesterone | –89.8 | –91.1 | –88.3 | <0.0001 |
| Placebo | –88.4 | –89.9 | –86.7 | <0.0001 |
| GFAP | ||||
| Interaction between time and treatment | 0.1558 | |||
| 24 h vs. baseline | ||||
| Progesterone | 22.8 | 7.3 | 40.5 | 0.0029 |
| Placebo | 43.6 | 25.5 | 64.4 | <0.0001 |
| 48 h vs. baseline | ||||
| Progesterone | –40.5 | –48.5 | –31.4 | <0.0001 |
| Placebo | –27.5 | –37.2 | –16.3 | <0.0001 |
| UCH-L1 | ||||
| Interaction between time and treatment | 0.2125 | |||
| 24 h vs. baseline | ||||
| Progesterone | –88.9 | –89.9 | –87.8 | <0.0001 |
| Placebo | –88.4 | –89.4 | –87.3 | <0.0001 |
| 48 h vs. baseline | ||||
| Progesterone | –95.5 | –96.1 | –95.0 | <0.0001 |
| Placebo | –94.8 | –95.4 | –94.1 | <0.0001 |
| SBDP150 | ||||
| Interaction between time and treatment | 0.2903 | |||
| 24 h vs. baseline | ||||
| Progesterone | –65.6 | –68.6 | –62.4 | <0.0001 |
| Placebo | –65.9 | –68.8 | –62.7 | <0.0001 |
| 48 h vs. baseline | ||||
| Progesterone | –72.1 | –74.9 | –69.0 | <0.0001 |
| Placebo | –70.1 | –73.1 | –66.7 | <0.0001 |
The models adjusted for age, head CT results based on the Rotterdam Head CT classification, and injury severity based on GCS.
S100B, S100 calcium-binding protein B; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; UCH-L1, ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1; SBDP150, Alpha II Spectrin Breakdown Product 150; CI, confidence interval; CT, computed tomography; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale.