Table 3.

Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis evaluating risk factors for serious infections in biologic-treated patients with inflammatory bowel diseases

Risk factors	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P value
Obese (vs nonobese)	0.74 (0.55–1.01)	0.06
Male (vs female)	0.93 (0.78–1.11)	0.41
Age category  <30 yr  30–39 yr  40–59 yr  60 yr or more	1.00 0.89 (0.68–1.18) 0.98 (0.77–1.25) 2.28 (1.75–2.96)	— 0.43 0.88 <0.01
Crohn's disease (vs ulcerative colitis)	0.95 (0.79–1.15)	0.62
Race  White  African American  Hispanic  Asian	1.00 1.10 (0.85–1.42) 1.57 (1.17–2.11) 0.96 (0.57–1.63)	— 0.47 <0.01 0.89
Elixhauser index  0–1  2  3  4 or more	1.00 1.21 (0.93–1.56) 1.27 (0.95–1.69) 1.65 (1.28–2.13)	— 0.15 0.11 <0.01
TNFα antagonists (vs vedolizumab)	1.08 (0.83–1.41)	0.58
Corticosteroid use (in preceding 3 mo)	1.30 (1.07–1.58)	<0.01
Immunomodulator use (in preceding 3 mo)	0.82 (0.62–1.08)	0.17
Opiate use (in preceding 12 mo)	1.25 (1.03–1.51)	0.021
Hospitalization (in preceding 12 mo)	1.26 (0.99–1.59)	0.06
Emergency department visit (in preceding 12 mo)	1.48 (1.18–1.85)	<0.01
Abdominal surgery (in preceding 12 mo)	0.77 (0.58–1.03)	0.08
Serious infection (in preceding 12 mo)	1.80 (1.38–2.33)	<0.01
Diabetes (yes vs no)	1.40 (1.03–1.92)	0.03
Obesity × diabetes	1.03 (0.53–2.00)	0.93

CI, confidence interval.

Bold entries represent statistically significant risk factors for serious infections.