Table 4.
Performance of serum lipids and combination panel with serum adiponectin in the differential diagnosis of NAFL vs. NASH.
| Cutoff | AUROC (95% CI) | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | Accuracy (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI) | TP | TN | FP | FN | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TG(44:0) | >0.25 | 0.72* (0.65–0.79) | 0.60 (0.49–0.70) | 0.75 (0.65–0.83) | 0.67 (0.60–0.74) | 0.70 (0.61–0.77) | 0.65 (0.59–0.71) | 54 | 68 | 23 | 36 |
| TG(49:2) | >0.71 | 0.70* (0.63–0.78) | 0.71 (0.61–0.80) | 0.58 (0.47–0.69) | 0.65 (0.57–0.72) | 0.63 (0.56–0.69) | 0.67 (0.59–0.75) | 64 | 53 | 38 | 26 |
| TG(51:3) | >1.02 | 0.61* (0.54–0.69) | 0.61 (0.50–0.71) | 0.56 (0.45–0.66) | 0.59 (0.51–0.66) | 0.58 (0.51–0.65) | 0.59 (0.52–0.67) | 55 | 51 | 40 | 35 |
| TG(52:1) | >0.85 | 0.75** (0.68–0.82) | 0.79 (0.69–0.87) | 0.59 (0.49–0.70) | 0.69 (0.62–0.76) | 0.66 (0.59–0.72) | 0.74 (0.65–0.81) | 71 | 54 | 37 | 19 |
| TG(53:1) | >0.48 | 0.74* (0.67–0.81) | 0.89 (0.81–0.95) | 0.49 (0.39–0.60) | 0.69 (0.62–0.76) | 0.63 (0.58–0.68) | 0.82 (0.71–0.89) | 80 | 45 | 46 | 10 |
| TG(54:0) | >0.38 | 0.68* (0.61–0.76) | 0.72 (0.62–0.81) | 0.57 (0.46–0.67) | 0.65 (0.57–0.72) | 0.63 (0.56–0.69) | 0.68 (0.59–0.75) | 65 | 52 | 39 | 25 |
| TG(60:3) | >0.58 | 0.60 (0.50–0.66) | 0.70 (0.59–0.79) | 0.47 (0.37–0.58) | 0.59 (0.51–0.66) | 0.57 (0.51–0.62) | 0.61 (0.52–0.70) | 63 | 43 | 48 | 27 |
| PC(0:0/14:0) | >0.22 | 0.70* (0.62–0.77) | 0.80 (0.70–0.88) | 0.51 (0.40–0.61) | 0.65 (0.58–0.72) | 0.62 (0.56–0.67) | 0.72 (0.62–0.80) | 72 | 46 | 45 | 18 |
| SM(38:0) | >1.16 | 0.71* (0.63–0.78) | 0.74 (0.64–0.83) | 0.64 (0.53–0.74) | 0.69 (0.62–0.76) | 0.67 (0.60–0.73) | 0.72 (0.63–0.79) | 67 | 58 | 33 | 23 |
| Adiponectin + 9 lipids | - | 0.796** (0.73–0.86) | 0.71 (0.61–0.80) | 0.77 (0.67–0.85) | 0.74 (0.67–0.80) | 0.75 (0.67–0.82) | 0.73 (0.66–0.79) | 64 | 70 | 21 | 26 |
| Adiponectin + 9 lipids (PNPLA3 rs738409 CC) | - | 0.832** (0.75–0.91) | 0.70 (0.55–0.83) | 0.88 (0.77–0.95) | 0.802 (0.71–0.87) | 0.83 (0.70–0.91) | 0.79 (0.70–0.85) | 33 | 52 | 7 | 14 |
Applied in the validation cohort, n = 181; PNPLA3 rs738409 CC carriers, n = 106. NASH is considered as positive if the levels of each parameter are superior or inferior to the cutoff value as indicated; for adiponectin, <7.32 μg/ml. p-values corrected with Benjamini–Hochberg procedure, assuming 5% false discovery rate.
CI, confidence interval; FN, false negative; FP, false positive; NAFL, nonalcoholic fatty liver; NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; NPV, negative predictive value; PC, phosphatidylcholine; PPV, positive predictive value; TG, triglyceride; TN, true negative; TP, true positive; SM, sphingomyelin.
p < 0.05;
p < 0.01.