Figure 5.

DIO induces Th1 response in adipose tissue. Changes in the absolute numbers and frequency of CD4⁺IFNγ⁺ T cells in mice 16 weeks after beginning the high-fat diet. Splenic, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), and epididymal adipose cells were isolated from the two groups of mice. The cumulative data showed changes in the frequency and numbers of CD4⁺IFNγ⁺ cells (A, B), and the percentage of CD4⁺IFNγ⁺ (C) were shown as the mean percentage of cells/mouse ± SEM. Three independent experiments; a total of n = 18 involving six mice per group yielded similar results. ^*p < 0.05, student’s t-test indicates statistically significant differences in numbers and frequency of CD4⁺IFNγ⁺ in the spleen, MLNs, and epididymal fat between ND and HFD groups.