Table 3. Independent risk factors of AL according to multivariate analysis.

Variables	OR (95% CI)	P value
Sex	1.792 (1.369–2.345)	<0.001
Surgeon volume	2.757 (2.000–3.800)	<0.001
nCRT	3.498 (2.718–4.501)	<0.001
Distance of tumor to anal verge	0.851 (0.815–0.890)	<0.001
Stenosis or obstruction	1.572 (1.235–2.001)	<0.001
pHGB level	2.949 (1.579–5.508)	0.001
Diabetes	3.385 (2.543–4.506)	<0.001
Surgical approach	–	<0.001

AL, anastomotic leakage; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; nCRT, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy; pHGB, preoperative hemoglobin.