Table 4.

Subgroup analysis of depression, anxiety, stress, and, insomnia prevalence by assessment tools.

Tools	Prevalence of Depression (%) (95% CI) ($I^2$, Q (df), P-value)	Tools	Prevalence of Anxiety (%) (95% CI) ($I^2$ , Q (df), P-value)	Tools	Prevalence of Stress (%) (95% CI) ($I^2$, Q (df), P-value)	Tools	Prevalence of Stress (%) (95% CI) ($I^2$, Q (df), P-value)
SDS	30.63 (14.27, 46.98) ($I^2$= 99.81, Q (5) = 684.88, p-value < 0.001)	SAS	19.39 (9.40, 29.37) ($I^2$= 99.08, Q (7) = 478.65, p-value < 0.001)	PSS	69.46 (52.68, 86.23) ($I^2$= 99.32, Q (4) = 374.70, p-value < 0.001)	AIS	30.46 (0.90, 60.01) ($I^2$= 99.33, Q (1) = 149.01, p-value < 0.001)
CES-D	$20.10(19.10,21.02){}^{\ast }$	BAI	27.58 (4.16, 51.00) ($I^2$= 98.03, Q (1) = 50.69, p-value < 0.001)	PTSD	26.43 (19.18, 33.68) ($I^2$= 78.60, Q (1) = 4.67, p-value = 0.03)	PSQI	26.39 (9.93, 42.84) ($I^2$= 97.31, Q (1) = 37.17, p-value < 0.001)
PHQ-9	38.11 (29.03, 47.19) ($I^2$= 99.59, Q (20) = 2698.05, p-value < 0.001)	GAD	43.65 (35.27, 52.05) ($I^2$= 99.81, Q (26) = 13807.06, p-value < 0.001)	IES	65.95 (49.26, 82.64) ($I^2$= 99.81, Q (26) = 13807.06, p-value < 0.001)	ISI	46.58 (37.70, 55.46) ($I^2$= 99.20, Q (15) = 2964.36, p-value < 0.001)
DASS-21	34.83 (24.81, 44.84) ($I^2$= 99.88, Q (24) = 19749.36, p-value < 0.001)	HAMA	49.91 (-3.70, 103.51) ($I^2$= 99.80, Q (1) = 492.23, p-value < 0.001)	DASS-21	35.24 (23.03, 47.46) ($I^2$= 99.69, Q (5) = 2989.42, p-value < 0.001)	-	-
HADS	47.02 (35.74, 58.30) ($I^2$= 99.30, Q (8) = 1107.94, p-value < 0.001)	DASS-21	39.62 (29.41, 49.84) ($I^2$= 99.55, Q (20) = 3420.53, p-value < 0.001)	Other	40.84 (30.04, 51.65) ($I^2$= 98.03, Q (9) = 647.01, p-value < 0.001)	-	-
Other	35.62 (15.28, 55.96) ($I^2$= 99.84, Q (6) = 2018.09, p-value < 0.001)	HADS	58.06 (46.02, 70.10) ($I^2$= 98.63, Q (8) = 667.96, p-value < 0.001)	-	-	-	-
-	-	Other	43.91 (25.94, 61.88) ($I^2$= 98.88, Q (5) = 665.18, p-value < 0.001)	-	-	-	-
Overall	37.12 (31.80, 42.43) ($I^2$= 99.84, Q (68) = 34675.82, p-value < 0.001)	Overall	41.42 (36.17, 46.68) ($I^2$= 99.79, Q (74) = 47974.95, p-value < 0.001)	Overall	44.86 (36.98, 52.74) ($I^2$= 99.78, Q (40) = 40900.83, p-value < 0.001)	Overall	42.95 (34.79, 51.12) ($I^2$= 99.44, Q (19) = 5306.39, p-value < 0.001)

∗refers only one studies were included in this subgroup

- refers there is no studies were considered in this subgroup.

CI, Confidence Interval.