Table 2. Comparison of echocardiographic parameters and NT-proBNP and copeptin levels in PAF and control groups in the study population.
| PAF group (n = 29) | Control (n = 124) | p value | |
| Echocardiography | |||
| LVDD, mm | 49.2 ± 3.2 | 48.9 ± 3.4 | 0.870 |
| LVSD, mm | 32.1 ± 3.6 | 32.9 ± 4.4 | 0.611 |
| EF, % | 61.9 ± 4.1 | 62.7 ± 2.8 | 0.415 |
| LA-AP diameter, mm | 48.4 ± 5.0 | 45.9 ± 4.3 | < 0.001 |
| LA volume, mL | 64.1 ± 10.1 | 53.1 ± 8.8 | < 0.001 |
| LA volume index, mL/m2 | 35.2 ± 4.3 | 29.9 ± 5.2 | < 0.001 |
| Mean transmitral gradient, mmHg | 7.9 ± 2.2 | 7.1 ± 2.8 | 0.104 |
| MVA (planimetry), cm2 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 0.208 |
| MVA (pressure half time), cm2 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 0.751 |
| Mitral regurgitation, n (%) | |||
| +1 | 10 (36) | 55 (45) | 0.561 |
| +2 | 6 (20) | 18 (15) | 0.392 |
| +3 | 2 (6) | 5 (4) | 0.849 |
| Aortic valve involvement, n (%) | 7 (25) | 26 (21) | 0.682 |
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| WBC, 103/μl | 7.5 ± 1.8 | 7.7 ± 1.5 | 0.652 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 13.9 ± 1.9 | 11.7 ± 1.5 | 0.421 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 115.0 ± 14.0 | 107.0 ± 19.0 | 0.337 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.7 ± 0.1 | 0.741 |
| Na, mEq/L | 135.1 ± 2.9 | 137.9 ± 2.4 | 0.546 |
| K, mEq/L | 4.5 ± 0.8 | 4.9 ± 0.5 | 0.492 |
| Hs-CRP, mg/L | 1.2 [0.7-1.5] | 0.8 [0.4-1.3] | < 0.001 |
| Copeptin, pmol/L | 6.9 [5.2-9.9] | 4.0 [2.9-6.8] | < 0.001 |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL | 335 [212-699] | 115 [88-326] | < 0.001 |
EF, ejection fraction; Hs-CRP, high sensitive C-reactive protein; LA-AP, left atrium anteroposterior; LVDD, left ventricular diastolic diameter; LVSD, left ventricular systolic diameter; MVA, mitral valve area; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide; PAF, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation; WBC, white blood cell.