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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jul 7.
Published in final edited form as: Neurochem Int. 2018 Jul 24;123:22–33. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.07.009

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5.

Lack of cortical Glul leads to astrogliosis preceding neurodegeneration. (A) Sections from the neocortex of WT and cKO mice (littermates processed in parallel; ages as indicated) were probed with antibodies to GFAP (green; labels astrocytes). Astrogliosis, as indicated by increased GFAP expression, was evident in the neocortex and hippocampus CA1 of 4 weeks old cKO mice. In contrast, thalamus in the cKO (where Emx1-Cre is not active) showed normal expression of GFAP at both age groups. Scale bar 50 µm. (B) GFAP expression increases with age being statistically significantly increased at four weeks of age. The expression levels were quantified by immunoblotting of hippocampi from wild-type (WT) and Glul cortical knockout (cKO) mice: five pairs of WT and cKO littermates in each age group: 2 weeks of age n = 5 pairs: 3 pairs of males, 2 pairs of females; 4 weeks of age n = 5 pairs: 2 pairs of males, 3 pairs of females; >12 weeks of age n = 5 pairs: 4 pairs of males, 1 pair of females; *p<0.05, **p<0.01.