Table 2.
Univariable and multivariable Cox analyses of risk factors for RFS and multivariable Logistic analysis of risk factors for early-relapse in HCC patients with MVI who underwent R0 resection
| Variables | No./mean ± SD | Univariate cox analysis | Multivariate cox analysis | Multivariate logistic analysis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95%CI | P-value | HR | 95%CI | P-value | OR | 95%CI | P-value | ||
| Gender | ||||||||||
| Male | 237 (82.87%) | reference | ||||||||
| Female | 49 (17.13%) | 0.87 | 0.56–1.34 | 0.519 | ||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||||||
| ≤ 60 | 199 (69.58%) | reference | ||||||||
| > 60 | 87 (30.42%) | 0.89 | 0.63–1.24 | 0.479 | ||||||
| Hypertension | ||||||||||
| Without | 212 (74.13%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 74 (25.87%) | 1.23 | 0.88–1.73 | 0.2305 | ||||||
| Diabetes | ||||||||||
| Without | 240 (83.92%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 46 (16.08%) | 0.96 | 0.63–1.46 | 0.8547 | ||||||
| Coronary heart disease | ||||||||||
| Without | 275 (96.15%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 11 (3.85%) | 1.15 | 0.54–2.46 | 0.7171 | ||||||
| Smoking history | ||||||||||
| Without | 161 (56.29%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 125 (43.71%) | 1.05 | 0.77–1.43 | 0.7508 | ||||||
| Drinking history | ||||||||||
| Without | 198 (69.23%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 88 (30.77%) | 0.96 | 0.69–1.33 | 0.802 | ||||||
| Portal hypertension | ||||||||||
| Without | 221 (77.27%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 65 (22.73%) | 1.27 | 0.89–1.81 | 0.1855 | ||||||
| Preoperative Ln AFP level | 4.62 ± 2.95 | 1.07 | 1.02–1.13 | 0.0081 | 1.05 | 1.00–1.11 | 0.063 | 1.12 | 1.02- 1.23 | 0.0147 |
| ALBI score | ||||||||||
| ≤ − 2.60 | 256 (89.51%) | reference | reference | |||||||
| > − 2.60 to ≤ − 1.39 | 30 (10.49%) | 2.15 | 1.41–3.27 | 0.0004 | 1.94 | 1.10–3.43 | 0.0218 | 2.04 | 0.86- 4.82 | 0.1056 |
| Preoperative PT (second) | 11.92 ± 0.95 | 1.12 | 0.95–1.32 | 0.1671 | ||||||
| Preoperative blood glucose level (mmol/L) | 5.62 ± 1.72 | 1.05 | 0.96–1.16 | 0.276 | ||||||
| Preoperative serum creatinine level (mg/dl) | 73.35 ± 14.29 | 0.99 | 0.98–1.00 | 0.1635 | ||||||
| Preoperative ALB (g/L) | 44.02 ± 4.19 | 0.95 | 0.91–0.98 | 0.004 | 1.01 | 0.96–1.05 | 0.8346 | |||
| Preoperative ALT (U/L) | 35.16 ± 23.38 | 1 | 1.00- 1.01 | 0.2086 | ||||||
| Preoperative AST (U/L) | 34.68 ± 22.96 | 1.01 | 1.00- 1.01 | 0.006 | 1 | 1.00–1.01 | 0.5784 | |||
| Preoperative HBsAg | ||||||||||
| Positive | 232 (81.12%) | reference | ||||||||
| Negative | 54 (18.88%) | 1.08 | 0.74–1.58 | 0.692 | ||||||
| Preoperative HBeAg | ||||||||||
| Negative | 221 (77.27%) | reference | reference | |||||||
| Positive | 65 (22.73%) | 1.43 | 1.01–2.02 | 0.0454 | 1.52 | 1.04–2.20 | 0.0286 | 1.93 | 1.02- 3.65 | 0.0427 |
| HCV-Ab | ||||||||||
| Negative | 266 (93.01%) | reference | ||||||||
| Positive | 20 (6.99%) | 1.17 | 0.67–2.07 | 0.5795 | ||||||
| Adjacent to large blood vessels | ||||||||||
| Without | 196 (68.53%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 90 (31.47%) | 1.17 | 0.84–1.61 | 0.3517 | ||||||
| Adjacent to the diaphragm | ||||||||||
| Without | 262 (91.61%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 24 (8.39%) | 2.14 | 1.34–3.42 | 0.0014 | 1.24 | 0.74–2.09 | 0.4138 | |||
| MVI classification | ||||||||||
| M1 | 132 (46.15%) | reference | reference | reference | ||||||
| M2 | 66 (23.08%) | 2.7 | 1.83–3.99 | < 0.0001 | 2.14 | 1.41–3.25 | 0.0004 | 2.3 | 1.17- 4.52 | 0.0157 |
| MX | 88 (30.77%) | 1.7 | 1.17–2.47 | 0.0054 | 1.29 | 0.86–1.93 | 0.21 | 1.65 | 0.88- 3.12 | 0.1202 |
| Largest tumor diameter (cm) | ||||||||||
| ≤ 5 | 170 (59.44%) | reference | reference | |||||||
| > 5 | 116 (40.56%) | 1.99 | 1.46–2.71 | < 0.0001 | 1.56 | 1.10–2.22 | 0.0124 | 1.78 | 1.01- 3.14 | 0.0476 |
| Number of tumors | ||||||||||
| 1 | 250 (87.41%) | reference | reference | reference | ||||||
| ≥ 2 | 36 (12.59%) | 1.77 | 1.17–2.66 | 0.0064 | 1.66 | 1.08–2.55 | 0.0209 | 2.06 | 0.93- 4.56 | 0.0755 |
| Satellite nodule | ||||||||||
| Without | 237 (82.87%) | reference | reference | reference | ||||||
| With | 49 (17.13%) | 1.79 | 1.23–2.59 | 0.0022 | 1.44 | 0.97–2.14 | 0.0726 | 1.95 | 0.97- 3.91 | 0.0606 |
| Serosal invasion | ||||||||||
| Without | 114 (39.86%) | reference | reference | reference | ||||||
| With | 172 (60.14%) | 1.97 | 1.41–2.76 | < 0.0001 | 1.59 | 1.11–2.28 | 0.0109 | 2.06 | 1.17- 3.64 | 0.0129 |
| Preoperative/intraoperative ablation | ||||||||||
| Without | 279 (97.55%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 7 (2.45%) | 1.07 | 0.34–3.35 | 0.9105 | ||||||
| Preoperative radiotherapy | ||||||||||
| Without | 280 (97.90%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 6 (2.10%) | 1.08 | 0.34–3.38 | 0.9000 | ||||||
| Preoperative interventional therapy | ||||||||||
| Without | 270 (94.41%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 16 (5.59%) | 1.56 | 0.85–2.88 | 0.1536 | ||||||
| Postoperative radiotherapy | ||||||||||
| Without | 239 (83.57%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 47 (16.43%) | 0.89 | 0.59–1.35 | 0.5919 | ||||||
| Postoperative interventional therapy | ||||||||||
| Without | 172 (60.14%) | reference | ||||||||
| With | 114 (39.86%) | 1.23 | 0.90–1.67 | 0.1919 | ||||||
HCC hepatocellular carcinoma, MVI microvascular invasion, No. number, SD standard deviation, ALBI albumin-bilirubin, ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALB albumin, PT prothrombin time, HBsAg hepatitis B surface antigen, HBeAg hepatitis B e antigen, HCV-Ab hepatitis C virus-antibody, MVI microvascular invasion, AFP alpha-fetoprotein, AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer, BCLC Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio