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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Dev Neurosci. 2020 Oct 31;80(8):717–729. doi: 10.1002/jdn.10071

Table 4.

The Effects of Covariates on HARDI tractography Measurements (AF, UF, CF, Fx, and CP); Univariate General Linear Model

Measurements Adjusted R2 Corrected model SNHL Gender Age
Volume
AF, left 0.077 F=0.41, p=0.80 F=1.16, p=0.29 F=0.07, p=0.80 F=0.09, p=0.77
AF, right 0.080 F=1.72, p=0.17 F=3.55, p=0.07 F=0.06, p=0.82 F=0.71, p=0.40
UF, left 0.508 F=9.52, p=4.8×10−5 F=32.3, p=3.8×10−6 F=0.0016, p=0.97 F=0.29, p=0.59
UF, right 0.591 F=12.9, p=3.7×10−6 F=44.0, p=2.8×10−7 F=0.31, p=0.58 F=2.97, p=0.095
CF, left 0.016 F=0.87, p=0.49 F=2.7, p=0.11 F=0.15, p=0.70 F=0.64, p=0.43
CF, right 0.004 F=0.96, p=0.44 F=3.0, p=0.09 F=0.01, p=0.91 F=0.83, p=0.37
Fx, left 0.278 F=4.2, p=8.6×10−3 F=15.3, p=5.1×10−4 F=0.068, p=0.80 F=1.03, p=0.32
Fx, right 0.210 F=3.2, p=0.027 F=9.0, p=5.5×10−3 F=2.8, p=0.11 F=0.61, p=0.44
CP 0.261 F=3.9, p=0.011 F=2.9, p=0.10 F=4.5, p=0.043 F=9.1, p=5.3×10−3

Lengths
AF, left 0.071 F=0.45, p=0.77 F=0.64, p=0.43 F=4.3×10−3, p=0.95 F=1.03, p=0.32
AF, right 0.034 F=0.73, p=0.58 F=1.7, p=0.20 F=0.58, p=0.45 F=0.13, p=0.72
UF, left 0.199 F=3.1, p=0.03 F=11.1, p=2.4×10−3 F=0.95, p=0.34 F=0.22, p=0.64
UF, right 0.366 F=5.8, p=1.5×10−3 F=19.2, p=1.4×10−4 F=1.16, p=0.29 F=0.77, p=0.39
CF, left 0.206 F=3.1, p=0.029 F=6.2, p=0.019 F=0.70, p=0.41 F=5.3, p=0.03
CF, right 0.310 F=4.7, p=4.8×10−3 F=13.7, p=8.8×10−4 F=2.7×10−3, p=0.96 F=1.9, p=0.18
Fx, left 0.278 F=4.2, p=8.6×10−3 F=9.5, p=4.5×10−3 F=0.51, p=0.48 F=0.14, p=0.71
Fx, right 0.016 F=0.87, p=0.49 F=0.38, p=0.54 F=0.18, p=0.67 F=1.72, p=0.20
CP 0.158 F=2.6, p=0.06 F=2.8, p=0.10 F=2.1, p=0.15 F=5.2, p=0.03

FA
AF, left 0.061 F=1.5, p=0.22 F=0.02, p=0.88 F=1.9, p=0.18 F=3.8, p=0.06
AF, right 0.000 F=1.0, p=0.42 F=0.14, p=0.71 F=1.2, p=0.28 F=2.3, p=0.14
UF, left 0.076 F=0.42, p=0.79 F=0.2, p=0.66 F=1.1, p=0.29 F=0.24, p=0.63
UF, right 0.067 F=0.48, p=0.75 F=0.1, p=0.75 F=1.5, p=0.24 F=0.15, p=0.70
CF, left 0.082 F=0.38, p=0.82 F=0.01, p=0.92 F=0.17, p=0.68 F=1.3, p=0.26
CF, right 0.094 F=0.29, p=0.88 F=0.31, p=0.58 F=0.34, p=0.57 F=0.46, p=0.50
Fx, left 0.120 F=0.11, p=0.98 F=0.34, p=0.56 F=2.5×10−3, p=0.96 F=0.09, p=0.77
Fx, right 0.026 F=0.79, p=0.54 F=2.4, p=0.13 F=0.18, p=0.67 F=0.26, p=0.62
CP 0.020 F=1.2, p=0.35 F=2.8, p=0.10 F=0.30, p=0.59 F=0.84, p=0.37

ADC
AF, left 0.270 F=4.1, p=0.01 F=9.0, p=5.4×10−3 F=3.6, p=0.068 F=4.0, p=0.054
AF, right 0.279 F=4.2, p=8.4×10−3 F=10.2, p=3.4×10−3 F=2.8, p=0.11 F=4.3, p=0.046
UF, left 0.256 F=3.8, p=0.013 F=10.2, p=3.4×10−3 F=2.7, p=0.11 F=2.9, p=0.099
UF, right 0.284 F=4.3, p=7.7×10−3 F=12.8, p=1.3×10−3 F=2.2, p=0.15 F=2.5, p=0.12
CF, left 0.346 F=5.4, p=2.3×10−3 F=15.3, p=5.1×10−4 F=3.4, p=0.074 F=3.1, p=0.089
CF, right 0.353 F=5.5, p=2.0×10−3 F=16.9, p=2.9×10−4 F=2.4, p=0.13 F=3.0, p=0.093
Fx, left 0.406 F=6.6, p=6.4×10−3 F=21.1, p=7.8×10−5 F=0.22, p=0.65 F=1.05, p=0.31
Fx, right 0.423 F=7.1, p=4.3×10−4 F=17.1, p=2.8×10−4 F=2.8, p=0.103 F=0.025, p=0.87
CP 0.370 F=5.8, p=1.4×10−3 F=15.3, p=5.1×10−4 F=4.2, p=0.051 F=3.9, p=0.057

Bold numbers indicate values with a statistical significance. General Linear Model (P<0.05) was constructed to evaluate of binary or continuous covariates (gender and age). Statistically significant values from the F-distribution calculation were determined to be 2.70 and 4.18 for the corrected model and each covariate, respectively. Abbreviation; ADC, apparent diffusion coefficient; AF, arcuate fasciculus; CF, cingulum fasciculus; CP, callosal pathway; FA, fractional anisotropy; Fx, fornix; HARDI, High-angular resolution diffusion magnetic resonance imaging; SNHL, Sensorineural hearing loss; UF, uncinate fasciculus