Table 3.
Prevalence of Depression Within Autoimmune Cases Compared With Autoimmune Controls, Stratified by Possible/Probable for Autoimmune Diseases and Any/Stringent for Depression Cases
| Autoimmune Trait | Depression Prevalence in Autoimmune Traits |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any Depression Prevalence |
Stringent Depression Prevalence |
|||
| Possible Autoimmune | Probable Autoimmune | Possible Autoimmune | Probable Autoimmune | |
| Autoimmune Controls | 20.6% | 5.1% | ||
| Any Autoimmune Disease | 28.9% (6 × 10−177) | 29.5% (2 × 10−124) | 10.8% (3 × 10−207) | 11.5% (6 × 10−163) |
| Circulatory System | ||||
| Pernicious anemia | 35.8% (4 × 10−36) | 33.7% (4 × 10−8) | 15.2% (1 × 10−39) | 16.6% (4 × 10−15) |
| Endocrine System | ||||
| Autoimmune thyroid disease | 35.1% (6 × 10−19) | 34.7% (6 × 10−13) | 13.7% (1 × 10−16) | 13.4% (3 × 10−11) |
| Type 1 diabetes | 31.1% (3 × 10−31) | 31.3% (1 × 10−27) | 14.1% (5 × 10−59) | 13.5% (5 × 10−43) |
| Nervous System | ||||
| Multiple sclerosis | 39.3% (6 × 10−56) | 42.5% (3 × 10−51) | 16.9% (5 × 10−54) | 20.0% (8 × 10−57) |
| Myasthenia gravis | 33.3% (5 × 10−5) | 29.2% (3 × 10−2) | 14.1% (5 × 10−6) | 14.8% (4 × 10−5) |
| Digestive System | ||||
| Celiac | 27.3% (3 × 10−12) | 29.8% (2 × 10−12) | 8.4% (4 × 10−8) | 9.5% (7 × 10−8) |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 24.9% (6 × 10−11) | 24.9% (3 × 10−8) | 8.9% (8 × 10−22) | 9.1% (2 × 10−17) |
| Skin | ||||
| Psoriasis | 26.8% (2 × 10−22) | 28.3% (1 × 10−17) | 8.7% (4 × 10−20) | 9.9% (4 × 10−18) |
| Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue | ||||
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 26.9% (5 × 10−7) | 28.4% (5 × 10−4) | 9.6% (7 × 10−9) | 10.5% (9 × 10−5) |
| Polymyalgia rheumatica/GCA | 29.3% (2 × 10−13) | 27.8% (5 × 10−6) | 10.8% (3 × 10−15) | 10.6% (1 × 10−8) |
| Psoriatic arthritis | 31.8% (3 × 10−15) | 34.3% (5 × 10−16) | 10.2% (1 × 10−8) | 13.0% (2 × 10−13) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 30.6% (5 × 10−62) | 29.4% (6 × 10−28) | 12.7% (3 × 10−92) | 12.1% (1 × 10−45) |
| Sjögren syndrome | 40.7% (4 × 10−25) | 41.9% (1 × 10−17) | 18.9% (2 × 10−28) | 18.9% (7 × 10−18) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 40.2% (2 × 10−25) | 44.5% (2 × 10−22) | 18.8% (6 × 10−30) | 22.2% (8 × 10−27) |
The p values from pairwise comparisons of depression prevalence in autoimmune cases compared with autoimmune controls are shown in parentheses.
GCA, giant cell arteritis.